Sykdommens historisitet – edruelighetsnemnda som en biomaktens teknologi

Skålevåg, Svein Atle

doi:10.18261/issn1504-2944-2008-02-06

Cited by 2 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Articles in Portuguese language were not included. In order to situate the legal texts, secondary literature was searched and read on how the target population has been addressed (e.g., Hamran, 2005 ; Skålevåg, 2008 ). Historical literature and topical study reports were found through a literature search, a manual search of certain journals and review of indexes and references from relevant sources.…”

Section: Methods and Theoretical Seatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following this, they started addressing individual alcoholics rather than the more ambitious goal of creating an alcohol-free society ( Hamran, 2005 ). For this purpose, special commissions, sobriety boards, were established ( Skålevåg, 2008 ).…”

Section: The Norwegian Model: the Poor Alcoholic Is Freed From Immora...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ideally, he claimed, people should choose sobriety, but acknowledged that immature people needed external guidance ( Landsrådet for edruelighetsundervisning, 1948 ) in order to attain the freedom to choose sobriety ( Landsrådet for edruelighetsundervisning, 1948 ; Mohr, 1938 ). Thus, the committee suggested establishing sobriety boards ( Skålevåg, 2008 ). Their mandate became a central feature of the law of 26 February 1932 on sobriety boards and treatment of drinkers (hereafter: The Sobriety Act).…”

Section: Emancipation By Force: Sobriety Boardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their mandate became a central feature of the law of 26 February 1932 on sobriety boards and treatment of drinkers (hereafter: The Sobriety Act). The law was inspired by the Swedish Alcohol Act of 1913 and, as did the Vagrancy Act, mainly concerned itself with poor alcoholics ( Johansen et al, 2018 ; Skålevåg, 2008 ; Stenius & Edman, 2007 ).…”

Section: Emancipation By Force: Sobriety Boardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After a revision in 1939, the board had the power to start an investigation on the basis of its own decision, without notification, to intervene at an early stage to save the alcoholic and to care for the family ( Mohr, 1939 ). This was the result of a 1935 electoral victory by the Labour Party, which, in contrast to the Conservative Party, saw alcoholism as a disease, not a personal choice ( Skålevåg, 2008 ).…”

Section: Emancipation By Force: Sobriety Boardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

On the biopolitics of humane drug policies: What can we learn from 19th century sobriety boards?

Johansen

Vandenbroeck

Vandevelde

2021

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs

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Background: In accordance with recommendations from The United Nations’ Chief Executives Board of Coordination, several countries are in the process of reforming their punitive drug policies towards health-based approaches – from punishment to help. The Portuguese model of decriminalisation is generally seen as a good model for other countries and has been scientifically described in favourable terms, and not much scrutinised. Method: This article draws on foucauldian archaeological and genealogical approaches in order to understand and compare governance logics of the 19th century Norwegian sobriety boards and 21st century Portuguese commissions. In doing this, we problematize contemporary drug policy reform discussions that point to the “Portuguese model”, which aims to stop punishing and start helping drug-dependent people, are problematised. Findings: The Portuguese commissions investigate whether drug-using people are dependent or not. Dependency, circumstances of consumption and their economy are considered when the commission decides on penalising, assisting, or treating the person, or a combination of all this. This model was studied alongside the Norwegian sobriety boards mandated by the Sobriety Act that was implemented in 1932. Sobriety boards governed poor alcoholics. Authorities from the sobriety movement were central in creating sobriety policies that culminated in sobriety boards. The Portuguese commissions have similarities to Norwegian sobriety boards. They make use of sanctions and treatment to govern people who use illicit substances to make them abstain, with the view that this is emancipatory for these people. The different apparatuses have distinct and different ways of making up, and governing their subjects. Conclusion: This article contributes to debates on drug policy reforms and aims to investigate whether they might produce biopower effects of governance masked by an emancipatory language. There is a need for critical studies on drug policy reforms to avoid policies that maintain divisions and control marginalised populations.

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Section: Methods and Theoretical Seatingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Norwegian Model: the Poor Alcoholic Is Freed From Immora...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Emancipation By Force: Sobriety Boardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Emancipation By Force: Sobriety Boardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Emancipation By Force: Sobriety Boardsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

On the biopolitics of humane drug policies: What can we learn from 19th century sobriety boards?

Johansen

Vandenbroeck

Vandevelde

2021

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Governance of substance use as a by-product of policing in Norway

Johansen

Debaere

Vandevelde

et al. 2018

Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs

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The aim of this article was to study governance of drug use in Norway through a historical account. Method: A genealogy was conducted through the study of documentation and legal texts from the 1600s until contemporary times. Findings: Based on legal texts addressing people using substances (both drugs and alcohol) various strategies for governance of drug use appears. The first section describes the emergence of institutions where people with alcohol problems were confined in a system originating the Dutch discipline houses. The second section describes the poor laws of the 1800s and the practice of the local poorhouses. The third section takes a look at the Vagrancy Act of 1900 and the state-owned labour camp at Opstad. The fourth section discusses the establishment of the sobriety boards and their role in confining alcoholics at cure homes. The fifth section describes developments in post-world-war Norway, with increased attention to illicit substances. Conclusions: The terminology justifying interventions is

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Sykdommens historisitet – edruelighetsnemnda som en biomaktens teknologi

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

On the biopolitics of humane drug policies: What can we learn from 19th century sobriety boards?

On the biopolitics of humane drug policies: What can we learn from 19th century sobriety boards?

Governance of substance use as a by-product of policing in Norway

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