Symmetric 10-Gb/s WDM-PON Using Directly Modulated Lasers for Downlink and RSOAs for Uplink

Recent development on time and wavelength-division multiplexed passive optical network (TWDM-PON) for next-generation passive optical network stage 2 (NG-PON2)

“…On the other hand, integrated laser sources are electro-modulation lasers, which are integrated with a tunable LD, electro-absorption modulation (EAM), and semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA) onto one device or reflective EAM. Moreover, direct modulation lasers (DML) [41] can be suitable laser sources because it provides good advantages such as small footprint, high output power, low driving voltage, and low power consumption, provided the chips penalties that can distort the signal could be avoided.…”

Digital Coherent Receivers for Long-Reach Optical Access Networks

“…One approach to remove the requirement of midspan amplification is to split the signal after the fiber backhaul by using an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG), as in [4]; avoiding penalties due to passive splitting while effectively dedicating a wavelength to each ONU, as shown in Fig. 1(b).…”

“…This RIN component can be treated as an additional electric field without loss of generality and so, neglecting extrinsic noise sources, this leads to the following signal from the photodiodes (3) where are the electric fields corresponding to the signal, LO and RIN, respectively, and are the electric currents from the two square-law photodiodes comprising the balanced photodector. These signals are passed to differential amplifiers (with a finite CMRR) resulting in the final output current (4) where is the CMRR, and C is normalized to unity . Assuming that and are both small compared with , then terms including will dominate (5) where constant terms have been removed due to the assumed AC-coupling of the receiver.…”

“…The implicit assumption here is that the receiver is AC coupled such that 4. It should be additionally noted that for reasons of expedience, the results shown in the Appendix, as well as inFig.…”

Investigation of 20Gb/s WDM-PON transmission over 40-km employing 16QAM signal with blind equalization

“…Wavelength-division multiplexed passive optical networks (WDM-PON) have long been considered as a promising solution to meet the future bandwidth demands of nextgeneration broadband access networks [1]. In order to achieving a high bandwidth, long distance, and low cost WDM-PON, many schemes have been proposed [2][3].…”