Symmetric cell approach and impedance spectroscopy of high power lithium-ion batteries

Chen, C.H; Liu, J; Amine, Khalil

doi:10.1016/s0378-7753(00)00666-2

Cited by 327 publications

(225 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In the models, R 1 is the bulk resistance, which reflects the combined resistance of the electrolyte, separator, and electrodes in the cell. According to the studies by Chen et al 26 on the EIS of lithium ion cells, cell impedance is mainly attributed to cathode impedance, especially charge-transfer resistance.…”

Section: Electrode (Z W )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Calcination Temperature of Size Controlled Microstructure of LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂Cathode for Rechargeable Lithium Battery

Park¹,

Lim²,

Son³

2014

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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C without capacity loss at various high C rates. This is ascribed to the minimized cation disorder, a higher conductivity, and higher lithium ion diffusion coefficient (D Li ) observed in this material. In the differential scanning calorimetry DSC profile of the charged sample, the generation of heat by exothermic reaction was decreased by calcined at high temperature, and this decrease is especially at 850 o C. This behavior implies that the high temperature calcinations of LiNi 0.8 Co 0.15 Al 0.05 O 2 prevent phase transitions with the release of oxygen.

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Section: Electrode (Z W )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Calcination Temperature of Size Controlled Microstructure of LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂Cathode for Rechargeable Lithium Battery

Park¹,

Lim²,

Son³

2014

Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society

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“…Commercial and lab-scale lithium-ion cells with graphite and metal oxide usually show two semicircles of different size at the high (or medium) and low frequency in a Nyquist plot [19][20][21][22]. The Nyquist plots of fresh and cycled cells, shown in Fig.…”

Section: Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The high-frequency intercept of the Nyquist plot with the real axis represents the ohmic resistance of the cell including electronic resistances of electrode, current collectors, leads, and electrolyte resistance [20,21]. Since the electronic resistance of well-made electrodes can usually be neglected, the ohmic resistance comes mainly from the electrolyte.…”

Section: Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of high-power lithium-ion cells during constant current cycling

Shim

Striebel

2003

Journal of Power Sources

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“…Archimedes' principle is used to measure gas evolution and gas consumption of cells in real time, as they are being cycled. Gas chromatography (GC) is Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 164 (14) A3518-A3528 (2017) A3519 and gas consumption in cells with additives, several cells were made with common electrolyte additives, added to the base electrolyte: 2% wt vinylene carbonate (VC, BASF, 99.97%), or 2% wt prop-1-ene-1,3-sultone (PES, Lianchuang Medicinal Chemistry Co., Ltd., China, 98.20%). After filling with electrolyte, the aluminium-laminate cell casings were heat sealed at a temperature of 150…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying, Understanding and Evaluating the Effects of Gas Consumption in Lithium-Ion Cells

Ellis

Allen

Thompson

et al. 2017

J. Electrochem. Soc.

114

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Lithium-ion cells produce a considerable amount of gas in their first cycle. If the gases are not removed in a degassing step, most are consumed by the cell over time. This phenomenon has never been investigated explicitly in the literature. In this paper, the evolution and subsequent consumption of gas in typical lithium-ion cells are measured by Archimedes' principle and gas chromatography. It is found that all evolved gases are subsequently consumed to some degree, except for saturated hydrocarbons. The consumption of gas occurs predominantly at the negative electrode, where the gases are reduced to form part of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI). Changes to the negative electrode SEI upon gas consumption are investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The effect of gas consumption on cell performance is studied with ultra-high precision charging and high voltage storage experiments. It is found that gas consumption does not result in measurable adverse effects to cell performance. Lithium-ion cells can produce a significant amount of gas during the first charge (in the formation cycle), as electrolyte and additives react at the surfaces of the charging electrodes to form passivating films. If lithium-ion cells are packaged in a flexible casing, these gases are normally removed by the manufacturer in a degassing step, to prevent deformation of the cell and to ensure uniform stack pressure on the electrodes. If the degassing step is omitted, a large portion of the gas evolved is consumed over time.1 The reactions that consume gas are presumably prevalent in hard-cased cylindrical cells, such as 18650 s, which are often hermetically sealed before the first charge, and therefore cannot be easily degassed. The reactions that consume gas are presumably less prevalent in pouch-type cells, which are degassed.Several authors have speculated about the fates of gases in lithiumion cells.2-5 There has been no work explicitly dedicated to understanding the phenomenon of gas consumption. There is no consensus as to whether the effects of gas consumption are beneficial or harmful to cell performance. For example, it has been argued by some that the consumption of CO 2 is beneficial to cells, as it reacts to form a passivating film on the negative electrode. 3,4,6 However it has also been argued that the consumption of CO 2 is detrimental to cells, as it may reduce at the negative electrode to form Li 2 C 2 O 4 , which causes continual self-discharge at high voltage. 2It is important for both scientists and manufacturers of lithium-ion cells to understand the causes and the effects of gas consumption. If gas consumption is quick, benign, or even beneficial to cell performance, then the time-consuming degassing step for lithium-ion pouch cells might be skipped. 7 The gases evolved in lithium-ion pouch cells could be left for consumption within the cell, perhaps leaving the pouch cell flat and rigid after several hours if all the gases were consumed. If gas consumption in a cell produces undesirable effects, such...

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Symmetric cell approach and impedance spectroscopy of high power lithium-ion batteries

Cited by 327 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of Calcination Temperature of Size Controlled Microstructure of LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂Cathode for Rechargeable Lithium Battery

Effect of Calcination Temperature of Size Controlled Microstructure of LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂Cathode for Rechargeable Lithium Battery

Characterization of high-power lithium-ion cells during constant current cycling

Quantifying, Understanding and Evaluating the Effects of Gas Consumption in Lithium-Ion Cells

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Symmetric cell approach and impedance spectroscopy of high power lithium-ion batteries

Cited by 327 publications

References 12 publications

Effect of Calcination Temperature of Size Controlled Microstructure of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2Cathode for Rechargeable Lithium Battery

Effect of Calcination Temperature of Size Controlled Microstructure of LiNi0.8Co0.15Al0.05O2Cathode for Rechargeable Lithium Battery

Characterization of high-power lithium-ion cells during constant current cycling

Quantifying, Understanding and Evaluating the Effects of Gas Consumption in Lithium-Ion Cells

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Effect of Calcination Temperature of Size Controlled Microstructure of LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂Cathode for Rechargeable Lithium Battery

Effect of Calcination Temperature of Size Controlled Microstructure of LiNi_0.8Co_0.15Al_0.05O₂Cathode for Rechargeable Lithium Battery