Sympatric speciation in animals: the ugly duckling grows up

Via, Sara

doi:10.1016/s0169-5347(01)02188-7

Cited by 710 publications

(708 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The traditional stress on the spatial structure of (sub)populations as the primary factor of classification (rather than, say, on selection) reflects both the fact that it is most easily observed (relative to the difficulties in inferring the type and/or strength of selection acting in natural populations) and the growing realization that the spatial structure of populations is very important. Alternatively, it has been suggested to use a classification based on types of selection (Via 2001) or on a continuum of "geography/prezygotic isolating mechanisms" (Kirkpatrick and Ravigné 2002).…”

Section: Modern Speciation Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Dimensional Fitness Landscapes and Speciation

Gavrilets¹

2010

Evolution—the Extended Synthesis

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The Modern Evolutionary Synthesis of the 1930s and 1940s remains the paradigm of evolutionary biology (Futuyma 1998;Gould 2002;Pigliucci 2007;Ridley 1993). The progress in understanding the process of evolution made during that period had been a direct result of the development of theoretical population genetics by Fisher, Wright, and Haldane, who built a series of mathematical models, approaches, and techniques showing how natural selection, mutation, drift, migration, and other evolutionary factors are expected to shape the genetic and phenotypic characteristics of biological populations. These theoretical advances provided "a great impetus to experimental work on the genetics of populations" (Sheppard 1954) and a "guiding light for rigorous quantitative experimentation and observation" (Dobzhansky 1955), and had many other far-reaching implications.According to Provine (1978), the work of Fisher, Wright, and Haldane had significant influence on evolutionary thinking in at least four ways. First, their models showed that the processes of selection, mutation, drift, and migration were largely sufficient to account for microevolution. Second, they showed that some directions explored by biologists were not fruitful. Third, the models complemented and lent greater significance to particular results of field and laboratory research. Fourth, they stimulated and provided framework for later empirical research. Since the time of the Modern Synthesis, evolutionary biology has arguably remained one of the most mathematized branches of the life sciences, in which mathematical models and methods continuously guide empirical research, provide tools for testing hypotheses, explain complex interactions between multiple evolutionary factors, train biological intuition, identify crucial parameters and factors, evaluate relevant temporal and spatial scales, and point to the gaps in biological knowledge, as well as provide simple and intuitive tools and metaphors for thinking about complex phenomena. In this chapter, I discuss two particular areas of theoretical evolutionary biology that have experienced significant progress since the late 1980s: a theory of fitness landscapes and a theory of speciation. I also outline two particular directions for theoretical studies on the origins of biodiversity which are especially important, in my opinion, for unification of different branches of the life sciences. One is the development of a theory of large-scale evolutionary diversification and adaptive radiation. The other is a quantitative theory of the origins of our own species. Classical Fitness LandscapesThe theoretical notion of fitness landscapes (also known as "adaptive landscapes," "adaptive topographies," and "surfaces of selective value"), which emerged at the onset of the Modern Synthesis, has become a standard tool both for formal mathematical modeling and for the intuitive metaphorical visualizing of biological evolution, adaptation, and speciation. This notion was first introduced by Sewall Wright in a classic paper deliv...

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Section: Modern Speciation Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Dimensional Fitness Landscapes and Speciation

Gavrilets¹

2010

Evolution—the Extended Synthesis

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“…Conversely, expanses of open ocean are easy to identify as barriers to gene flow. Species-level phylogenies in island settings can potentially provide useful insights into the rate of species diversification or lineage accumulation with time (Barraclough and Nee, 2001;Ricklefs and Bermingham, 2001), and into the mode of speciation (Coyne and Price, 2000;Turelli et al, 2001;Via, 2001), in particular the role of geography (Barraclough and Vogler, 2000;Hewitt, 2001). Potentially they might also indicate the vulnerability of species to extinction and provide information on rates of population turnover in island communities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular phylogeography reveals island colonization history and diversification of western Indian Ocean sunbirds (Nectarinia: Nectariniidae)

Warren

Bermingham

Bowie

et al. 2003

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution

105

104

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“…This is analogous to an extreme form of food imprinting, where a predator's prey preference is determined by its diet at a young age (Burghardt and Hess, 1966;Punzo, 2002). Imprinting as such could lead to speciation in the predator, because the predator starts to adapt specifically to the prey it is specialising on (see Via, 2001;Berlocher and Feder, 2002, for reviews on this issue). As such the formation of a search image in a predator could lead to different predator species evolving.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolutionary consequences of a search image

Leeuwen

Jansen

2010

Theoretical Population Biology

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Many predators are able to become better at spotting cryptic prey by recognising specific clues, but by concentrating on one prey type they will become worse at spotting other prey types. This phenomenon is known as the formation of a search image for a certain prey by a predator and is related to apostatic selection. Here we study the evolution of a search image in the predator by formulating and analysing a mathematical model. The predator forages for two prey types and is able to form an independent search image for both prey. The results show that the evolutionary dynamics can be divided into two parts, a fast and a slow part. At first selection pressure will be strong towards a stable ratio of prey, which is the same as the ratio found for the unbeatable prey choice for predators with a Holling type II functional response. Following this the slow dynamics will keep this ratio constant independent of the trait values, but the predator will slowly evolve towards a stronger search image and ultimately become a specialist predator or slowly evolve towards generalist with a weak search image. In conclusion, the formation of a search image causes the predator to control the prey densities such that the ratio of available prey is kept constant by the predator.

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Sympatric speciation in animals: the ugly duckling grows up

Cited by 710 publications

References 69 publications

High-Dimensional Fitness Landscapes and Speciation

High-Dimensional Fitness Landscapes and Speciation

Molecular phylogeography reveals island colonization history and diversification of western Indian Ocean sunbirds (Nectarinia: Nectariniidae)

Evolutionary consequences of a search image

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