Symptomatic neonatal hypoglycemia associated with toxemia of pregnancy

Cornblath, Marvin; Odell, Gerard B.; Levin, Ephraim Y.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(59)80239-0

Cited by 178 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Omene [13] also did not report any significant association with toxaemic mothers. This contrasts with the occurrence of hypoglycaemia in over half of infants of toxaemic mothers in other series [19] [20]. Toxaemia of pregnancy among West Africans commonly take the acute form compared to the more chronic pattern observed among Europeans [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hypoglycaemia in Newborn at Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

Ochoga¹,

Michael²,

Abah³

et al. 2018

OJPed

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Background: Neonatal hypoglycaemia is the most common metabolic abnormality in neonates and is associated with neurological damage and death when it occurs during the first few days of life. The main objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of hypoglycaemia in the newborn and the associated maternal/neonatal risk factors. Setting and Methods: This prospective descriptive study was conducted at the labour room and the Special Care Baby Unit of Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria, between July 2017-March 2018. Results: Of the 168 neonates, 140 (83.3%) were delivered in the hospital and 28 (16.7%) were delivered outside the hospital. Hypoglycaemia was found in 19 (11.0%) of the neonates. The mean (standard deviation) of gestational age was 37.8 (3.0) weeks. 91 (54.2%) were males and 77 (45.8%) were females. Male to female ratio is 1.2:1. A significantly higher proportion of 9 (32.1%) out born compared with 10 (7.1%) of inborn, 4 (44.4%) of birth < 1500 g compared with 5 (22.7%) birth weight 1500 g -2499 g and 10 (7.3%) of birth weight ≥ 2500 g and 7 (22.6%) of babies with temperature ≤ 36.5˚C compared with 7 (6.3%) of temperature 36.5˚C -37.5˚C and 5 (19.2%) of temperature > 37.5˚C, demonstrated hypoglycaemia respectively. Neonatal risk factors, such as, prematurity, low birth weight and respiratory distress syndrome, were significantly associated with hypoglycaemia p-value of 0.02, 0.01 and 0.00 respectively. There were no statistically significant associations between maternal risk factors and hypoglycaemia. The common presenting symptoms were jitteriness, cyanosis, tachypnoea, hypotonia, apnoea, temperature instability, seizure and lethargy. Conclusion: The prevalence of hypoglycaemia was 11.0% in the present

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Hypoglycaemia in Newborn at Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

Ochoga¹,

Michael²,

Abah³

et al. 2018

OJPed

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“…496 Hypoglycemia is also relatively common among LBW infants and macrosomic infants of diabetic mothers. 497 Prevention and management of neonatal hypoglycemia have been the subjects of a major review by Williams. 498 Little data on hypoglycemia incidence or impact on newborn health are available from developing countries, in part due to difficulties in detection, which requires proper processing in a well-functioning laboratory.…”

Section: Hypoglycemia Prevention and Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-Based Interventions for Improving Perinatal and Neonatal Health Outcomes in Developing Countries: A Review of the Evidence

et al. 2005

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ABSTRACT. Background. Infant and under-5 childhood mortality rates in developing countries have declined significantly in the past 2 to 3 decades. However, 2 critical indicators, maternal and newborn mortality, have hardly changed. World leaders at the United Nations Millennium Summit in September 2000 agreed on a critical goal to reduce deaths of children <5 years by two thirds, but this may be unattainable without halving newborn deaths, which now comprise 40% of all under-5 deaths. Greater emphasis on wide-scale implementation of proven, cost-effective measures is required to save women's and newborns' lives. Approximately 99% of neonatal deaths take place in developing countries, mostly in homes and communities. A comprehensive review of the evidence base for impact of interventions on neonatal health and survival in developingcountry communities has not been reported.Objective. This review of community-based antenatal, intrapartum, and postnatal intervention trials in developing countries aimed to identify (1) key behaviors and interventions for which the weight of evidence is sufficient to recommend their inclusion in communitybased neonatal care programs and (2) key gaps in knowledge and priority areas for future research and program learning.Methods. Available published and unpublished data on the impact of community-based strategies and interventions on perinatal and neonatal health status outcomes were reviewed. Evidence was summarized systematically and categorized into 4 levels of evidence based on study size, location, design, and reported impact, particularly on perinatal or neonatal mortality. The evidence was placed in the context of biological plausibility of the intervention; evidence from relevant developed-country studies; health care program experience in implementation; and recommendations from the World Health Organization and other leading agencies.Results. A paucity of community-based data was found from developing-country studies on health status impact for many interventions currently being considered for inclusion in neonatal health programs. However, review of the evidence and consideration of the broader context of knowledge, experience, and recommendations regarding these interventions enabled us to categorize them according to the strength of the evidence base and confidence regarding their inclusion now in programs. This article identifies a package of priority interventions to include in programs and formulates research priorities for advancing the state of the art in neonatal health care.Conclusions. This review emphasizes some new findings while recommending an integrated approach to safe motherhood and newborn health. The results of this study provide a foundation for policies and programs related to maternal and newborn health and emphasizes the importance of health systems research and evaluation of interventions. The review offers compelling support for using research to identify the most effective measures to save newborn lives. It also may facilitate dialogue with policy...

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“…As a result of observations made during the past decade, clinical [46][47][48]55], chemical [7,14,44], morphometric [42], metabolic [50], neurologic [17], and developmental [18,55] differences clearly separate these neonates from their weight peers. Clinical observations [14,18,44,46,47,55] suggesting poor fetal nutrition have led to the term 'fetal malnutrition' and certain of these findings (dry cracked skin, poor subcutaneous turgor, and diminished postnatal weight loss), as well as an elevated metabolic rate per kilogram of body weight [50], have been interpreted as suggesting a contracted, hyperosmolal extracellular space in the intrauterine growth-retarded (IGR) neonate [47,49]. Clinical assumptions of fetal malnutrition with dehydration, hypovolemia, and hyperosmolality are, however, mutually contradictory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bromide Space Studies in Infants of Low Birth Weight

Cassady

1970

Pediatr Res

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The present study reports measurements of the corrected bromide space (CBS) in 74 neonates delivered vaginally and studied within 24 h of birth. The results in 37 normally grown (NG) infants ranging in birth weight from 960 to 3,540 g with gestational intervals of 27-43 weeks are contrasted with findings in 37 intrauterine growth-retarded infants (IGR) ranging from 1,000 to 2,460 g in birth weight with gestational intervals of 35-44 weeks.Although a direct relation exists between CBS (liters) and a variety of variables of fetal maturity in both NG and IGR infants, the CBS in both groups would appear best related to birth weight. The corrected bromide space of the IGR was virtually identical with that of their weight peers, there being no significant difference in the regression for CBS versus birth weight in the two groups. Log-log plot of this relation yields a correlation coefficient (r) of 0.98, and may be expressed as:log CBS (liters) = 0.92 X log wt (kg) -0.371 Closer inspection of this relation revealed that an unequal distribution, with preponderance of values below the regression line at higher birth weights, was apparent. This 'tail off' suggested a curvilinear relation of CBS with increasing birth weight, and was even more apparent when the CBS data were expressed as percentage of bcdy weight (ml/kg). The mean CBS/kg in NG prematures (424±SE 7.5 ml/kg) was clearly higher (P<0.001) than in mature study infants (376±SE 8.4 ml/kg). Likewise, the average CBS/kg in the mature IGR (419±SE 11.3 ml/kg) was significantly higher (P<0.025) than the mean for the NG infants (376±SE 8.4 ml/kg). Comparison of data from NG and IGR infants revealed that 3 of 10 premature infants and 10 of 27 mature IGR infants have a CBS/kg more than 2 SD above the mean in NG infants; a CBS in excess of 476 ml/kg was observed in 11 study infants, all but 1 of whom were IGR. Speculation

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Symptomatic neonatal hypoglycemia associated with toxemia of pregnancy

Cited by 178 publications

References 26 publications

Prevalence of Hypoglycaemia in Newborn at Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

Prevalence of Hypoglycaemia in Newborn at Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

Community-Based Interventions for Improving Perinatal and Neonatal Health Outcomes in Developing Countries: A Review of the Evidence

Bromide Space Studies in Infants of Low Birth Weight

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