Symptoms in Children With Advanced Cancer

Abstract

Background Systematic studies on the specific symptom experience in children with advanced cancer are limited. Objective To examine common symptoms and to explore commonly occurring symptoms over time. Methods A prospective and longitudinal study design was used. Data were collected at 10 data points from 60 children over a 5-month period. Children ranged from 6 to 17 years old, spoke English or Spanish, were diagnosed with advanced cancer, and were receiving health care in one of four Southern California hospitals. Nurses documentation of symptoms were examined. Results Sample: Children 52% 6–12 years and 48% 13–17 years; 42% female, 58% male; 55% Latino and 30% Caucasian. Pain, nausea, drowsiness and energy loss were reported by children in over 50% of the interviews. Children’s and nurses’ reports of symptoms were similar except children reported significantly more frequency and intensity of pain. Conclusions Children with advanced cancer were able to report and describe their symptoms. There were few differences by gender, age, and ethnicity. Implications for Practice It is important that children’s symptoms are clearly communicated to nurses and these study findings may be used to anticipate and manage the symptoms experienced by children with advanced cancer.

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