Synaptic excitation of neurones in area 17 of the cat by intracortical axon collaterals of cortico‐geniculate cells.

Ferster, David; Lindström, Sivert

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1985.sp015822

Cited by 87 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…2C), consistent with the literature on TC STPs; the exact amount of depression varied from connection to connection. Depression always reached steady state earlier than 1 s after beginning stimulation, which again is in line with earlier work performed under similar conditions (Gil et al, 1999;Gabernet et al, 2005).…”

Section: Ongoing Stimulation Evokes Diverse Thalamocortical Short-tersupporting

confidence: 80%

“…For example, PSP width could differ across recordings as a result of variation in intrinsic membrane properties, which would be expected to influence PSP width throughout the train. Another mechanism for broadened PSPs could be shortterm depression of disynaptic inhibition: this would imply increased PSP broadening, and summation, over the course of a stimulus train (Gabernet et al, 2005;Higley and Contreras, 2006). To cover both of these possibilities and to test for an effect of PSP width, PSP broadening, and summation, we measured PSP width as the full-width at half-maximum, both for the first response from rest and the first response after switching to irregular stimulation from steady state.…”

Section: Stp Diversity Has a Monosynaptic Locusmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Diverse Thalamocortical Short-Term Plasticity Elicited by Ongoing Stimulation

Díaz-Quesada¹,

Martini

Ferrati

et al. 2014

J. Neurosci.

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To produce sensation, neuronal pathways must transmit and process stimulus patterns that unfold over time. This behavior is determined by short-term synaptic plasticity (STP), which shapes the temporal filtering properties of synapses in a pathway. We explored STP variability across thalamocortical (TC) synapses, measuring whole-cell responses to stimulation of TC fibers in layer 4 neurons of mouse barrel cortex in vitro. As expected, STP during stimulation from rest was dominated by depression. However, STP during ongoing stimulation was strikingly diverse across TC connections. Diversity took the form of variable tuning to the latest interstimulus interval: some connections responded weakly to shorter intervals, while other connections were facilitated. These behaviors did not cluster into categories but formed a continuum. Diverse tuning did not require disynaptic inhibition. Hence, monosynaptic excitatory lemniscal TC connections onto layer 4 do not behave uniformly during ongoing stimulation. Each connection responds differentially to particular stimulation intervals, enriching the ability of the pathway to convey complex, temporally fluctuating information.

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Section: Ongoing Stimulation Evokes Diverse Thalamocortical Short-tersupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Stp Diversity Has a Monosynaptic Locusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse Thalamocortical Short-Term Plasticity Elicited by Ongoing Stimulation

Díaz-Quesada¹,

Martini

Ferrati

et al. 2014

J. Neurosci.

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“…This is unlikely because the stimulus threshold for activating thalamocortical (TC) axons is ϳ1 order of magnitude lower than the current required to antidromically activate corticothalamic (CT) cells (Ferster and Lindström, 1985;Stratford et al, 1996;Swadlow, 1998). In addition, previous studies reported that TC and CT axon bundles travel in different anteroposterior planes in the internal capsule, such that slices containing TC afferents rarely include CT axons (Agmon and Connors, 1991;Agmon and Connors, 1992).…”

Section: Thalamic-evoked Activitymentioning

confidence: 96%

Thalamic-Evoked Synaptic Interactions in Barrel Cortex Revealed by Optical Imaging

2000

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We used optical imaging of voltage-sensitive dye signals to study the spatiotemporal spread of activity in the mouse barrel cortex, evoked by stimulation of thalamocortical afferents in an in vitro slice preparation. Stimulation of the thalamus, at low current intensity, results in activity largely restricted to a single barrel, and to the border between layers Vb and VI. Low concentrations of the GABA A receptor antagonist bicuculline increase the amplitude of the optical signals, without affecting their spatiotemporal propagation. Higher concentrations of bicuculline result in paroxysmal activity, which propagates via intracolumnar and intercolumnar excitatory pathways. Enhancing the activity of NMDA receptors, by removing Mg 2ϩ from the extracellular solution, dramatically alters the spatiotemporal pattern of excitation: activity spreads to supragranular and infragranular layers and adjacent barrel columns. This enhanced propagation is suppressed by the NMDA receptor antagonist AP5. A similar enhancement of activity propagation can be produced by stimulating the thalamus with a short, high-frequency pulse train. Application of AP5 suppresses the frequency-dependent spread of activity. These findings indicate that the spatiotemporal spread of activity in the barrel cortex is altered by varying the temporal patterns of thalamic inputs, via an NMDA receptor-mediated mechanism, and suggest that a similar process occurs during repetitive whisking activity. Key words: somatosensory cortex; voltage-sensitive dyes; glutamate; NMDA; GABA; epilepsy; temporal coding; mouseProcessing of sensory information in the cerebral cortex can be described as a hierarchical process, in which inputs from "specific" thalamic nuclei are integrated by their postsynaptic cortical targets, which, in turn, provide inputs to neurons in other layers of the same functional column and subsequently to adjacent columns (Gilbert, 1992;Keller, 1995;Rauschecker et al., 1997). Although this hierarchical scheme is oversimplified in that it omits factors such as parallel processing and feedback interactions, it is thought to faithfully represent at least the initial stages of cortical sensory processing (Stone et al., 1979;Felleman and Van Essen, 1991;Iwamura, 1993).To understand the mechanisms underlying cortical sensory processing, it is necessary to determine how thalamic inputs are integrated by their postsynaptic cortical neurons and propagated via intracolumnar and intercolumnar cortical pathways. This requires methods to identify discrete functional columns and to reveal the spatiotemporal propagation of thalamic inputs within and among these columns. In the present study we took advantage of a functional imaging approach (see Orbach and Cohen, 1983;Cinelli and Salzberg, 1987;Yuste et al., 1997;Keller et al., 1998) to investigate intracortical processing of thalamic inputs in the somatosensory cortex and its modulation by glutamatergic and GABAergic processes.The somatosensory cortex of certain rodent species contains representations of the my...

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“…An alternative interpretation of our results is that our intrathalamic stimulation activated axons of CTNs antidromically and that at least some of the EPSPs we observed in SOMϩ interneurons were mediated by the intracortical collaterals of these axons. Such antidromically mediated EPSPs would appear monosynaptic, would have longer latencies due to the slower conduction velocities of corticothalamic axons (40,41), and would undergo facilitation (32,33). However, FS/PVϩ interneurons also receive facilitating EPSPs from CTNs or CTN-like pyramidal cells (32,33).…”

Section: Thalamus-evoked Epsps Were Not Mediated By Antidromically Acmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust but delayed thalamocortical activation of dendritic-targeting inhibitory interneurons

Tan

Huang

et al. 2008

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

144

152

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GABA-releasing cortical interneurons are crucial for the neural transformations underlying sensory perception, providing ''feedforward'' inhibition that constrains the temporal window for synaptic integration. To mediate feedforward inhibition, inhibitory interneurons need to fire in response to ascending thalamocortical inputs, and most previous studies concluded that ascending inputs activate mainly or solely proximally targeting, parvalbumin-containing ''fast-spiking'' interneurons. However, when thalamocortical axons fire at frequencies that are likely to occur during natural exploratory behavior, activation of fast-spiking interneurons is rapidly and strongly depressed, implying the paradoxical conclusion that feedforward inhibition is absent when it is most needed. To address this issue, we took advantage of lines of transgenic mice in which either parvalbumin-or somatostatin-containing interneurons express GFP and recorded the responses of interneurons from both subtypes to thalamocortical stimulation in vitro. We report that during thalamocortical activation at behaviorally expected frequencies, fast-spiking interneurons were indeed activated only transiently because of rapid depression of their thalamocortical inputs, but a subset of layer 5 somatostatin-containing interneurons were robustly and persistently activated after a delay, due to the facilitation and temporal summation of their thalamocortical excitatory postsynaptic potentials. Somatostatin-containing interneurons are considered distally targeting. Thus, they are likely to provide delayed dendritic inhibition during exploratory behavior, contributing to the maintenance of a balance between cortical excitation and inhibition while leaving a wide temporal window open for synaptic integration and plasticity in distal dendrites.barrel cortex ͉ dendrites ͉ neocortex ͉ somatostatin ͉ feedforward inhibition

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Synaptic excitation of neurones in area 17 of the cat by intracortical axon collaterals of cortico‐geniculate cells.

Cited by 87 publications

References 22 publications

Diverse Thalamocortical Short-Term Plasticity Elicited by Ongoing Stimulation

Diverse Thalamocortical Short-Term Plasticity Elicited by Ongoing Stimulation

Thalamic-Evoked Synaptic Interactions in Barrel Cortex Revealed by Optical Imaging

Robust but delayed thalamocortical activation of dendritic-targeting inhibitory interneurons

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