“…On the contrary, rather than motivation, commitment to academic activities (Wang & Degol, 2016) has a significant effect on academic performance. Students will be able to focus on what they have learned since ODL provides a flexible teaching and learning environment through asynchronous sessions using video, leaflets, articles, and PowerPoint presentations utilising the Learning Management System (LMS) (Rindaningsih et al, 2021). Furthermore, using video for learning purposes led to positive emotional engagement (Kort & Reilly, 2002) and a pleasant learning environment (Strobel & Van Barneveld, 2009), which was helpful to their motivation to study, learning process, and outcome (Meyer & Tuner, 2002).…”