Synchronous Marine and Terrestrial Carbon Cycle Perturbation in the High Arctic During the PETM

Cui, Ying; Diefendorf, Aaron F.; Kump, Lee R.; Jiang, Shijun; Freeman, Katherine H.

doi:10.1029/2020pa003942

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 150 publications

(249 reference statements)

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“…Terrestrial high‐latitude settings that preserve the PETM are sparse (e.g., in the northern high‐latitudes; Neff et al., 2011; Salpin et al., 2019; Suan et al., 2017), and few studies have examined the PETM biomarker record in respective wetland deposits (e.g., Cui et al., 2021; Marshall et al., 2015; Schlanser, Diefendorf, West, et al., 2020). In terrestrial deposits, variability of sedimentation rate and facies type, with potential consequences for organic matter preservation, may bias these records.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biomarker Reconstruction of a High‐Latitude Late Paleocene to Early Eocene Coal Swamp Environment Across the PETM and ETM‐2 (Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada)

Blumenberg,

Naafs,

Lückge

et al. 2024

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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The Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) and early Eocene hyperthermal events were characterized by a Hothouse climate state. Our understanding of the climatic impact of these hyperthermals is currently biased toward marine settings and the mid‐latitudes. Here we present organic geochemical data from Stenkul Fiord, Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada. This organic rich formation was deposited in a high northern latitude wetland setting during the late Paleocene to early Eocene, spanning the PETM and subsequent ETM‐2 hyperthermals. Biomarker data (e.g., diterpenoids), combined with published palynological data from the site, indicate Cupressaceae‐dominated vegetation. Biomarkers suggest that land plant composition remained fairly unchanged across the two hyperthermal events. Increases in abundance and 13C‐depletion of hopanoid biomarkers (minima <−50‰ (VPDB)) highlight periods of enhanced bacterial methane consumption, particularly during the PETM. However, periods of low hopanoid δ13C values were also found outside the hyperthermal intervals. Relatively low δ2H values of higher plant n‐alkanes (average δ2H values of n‐C25, n‐C27, n‐C29 ∼ −230 to −270‰ (SMOW)) indicate that deposition formed during times with enhanced precipitation. The wettest intervals, as identified by the lowest δ2H n‐alkane values, contain high abundances of hopenes, indicating enhanced bacterial turnover. At Stenkul Fiord, high temperatures and CO2 concentrations likely fostered the growth of widespread wetland forests that became a CO2 sink and may have played an important role in carbon drawdown during the Early Paleogene.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…in respective wetland deposits (e.g., Cui et al, 2021;Marshall et al, 2015;. In terrestrial deposits, variability of sedimentation rate and facies type, with potential consequences for organic matter preservation, may bias these records.…”

Section: Coals As Paleo-recorders Of Terrestrial Settingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomarker Reconstruction of a High‐Latitude Late Paleocene to Early Eocene Coal Swamp Environment Across the PETM and ETM‐2 (Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada)

Blumenberg,

Naafs,

Lückge

et al. 2024

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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“…We also compile n ‐alkane‐ and/or hopane‐based thermal maturity ratios from the following published PETM‐aged shallow marine sites: TDP Site 14 (Carmichael et al., 2017; Handley et al., 2012); South Dover Bridge ( SDB ) (Lyons et al., 2019); and Cambridge‐Dorchester Airport ( CamDor ) (Lyons et al., 2019) (Figure 1). Other published biomarker records are available for PETM‐aged shallow marine sites, however these sequences are dominated by autochthonous OC petro and show evidence for post‐depositional diagenesis (Cui et al., 2021; Handley et al., 2011).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Petrogenic Organic Carbon Mobilization During the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum

Hollingsworth,

Elling,

Badger

et al. 2024

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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The Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was a transient global warming event and is recognized in the geologic record by a prolonged negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE). The onset of the CIE was due to a rapid influx of 13C‐depleted carbon into the ocean‐atmosphere system. However, the mechanisms required to sustain the negative CIE remains unclear. Enhanced mobilization and oxidation of petrogenic organic carbon (OCpetro) has been invoked to explain elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations after the onset of the CIE. However, existing evidence is limited to the mid‐latitudes and subtropics. Here, we determine whether: (a) enhanced mobilization and subsequent burial of OCpetro in marine sediments was a global phenomenon; and (b) whether it occurred throughout the PETM. To achieve this, we utilize a lipid biomarker approach to trace and quantify OCpetro burial in a global compilation of PETM‐aged shallow marine sites (n = 7, including five new sites). Our results confirm that OCpetro mass accumulation rates (MARs) increased within the subtropics and mid‐latitudes during the PETM, consistent with evidence of higher physical erosion rates and intense episodic rainfall events. High‐latitude sites do not exhibit drastic changes in the source of organic carbon during the PETM and OCpetro MARs increase slightly or remain stable, perhaps due a more stable hydrological regime. Crucially, we also demonstrate that OCpetro MARs remained elevated during the recovery phase of the PETM. Although OCpetro oxidation was likely an important positive feedback mechanism throughout the PETM, we show that this feedback was both spatially and temporally variable.

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“…We also compile n-alkane-and/ or hopane-based thermal maturity ratios from the following published PETM-aged shallow marine sites: TDP Site 14 (Carmichael et al, 2017;Handley et al, 2012); South Dover Bridge (SDB) (Lyons et al, 2019); and Cambridge-Dorchester Airport (CamDor) (Lyons et al, 2019) (Figure 1). Other published biomarker records are available for PETM-aged shallow marine sites, however these sequences are dominated by autochthonous OC petro and show evidence for post-depositional diagenesis (Cui et al, 2021;Handley et al, 2011).…”

Section: Data Compilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Petrogenic Organic Carbon Mobilisation during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum

Hollingsworth,

Elling,

Badger

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) was a transient global warming event recognised in the geologic record by a prolonged negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE). The onset of the CIE was the result of a rapid influx of 13C-depleted carbon into the ocean-atmosphere system. However, the mechanisms required to sustain the negative CIE remains unclear. Previous studies have identified enhanced mobilisation of petrogenic organic carbon (OCpetro) and argued that this was likely oxidised, increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations after the onset of the CIE. With existing evidence limited to the mid-latitudes and subtropics, we determine whether: (i) enhanced mobilisation and subsequent burial of OCpetro in marine sediments was a global phenomenon; and (ii) whether it occurred throughout the PETM. To achieve this, we utilised a lipid biomarker approach to trace and quantify OCpetro burial in a global compilation of PETM-aged shallow marine sites (n = 7, including five new sites). Our results confirm that OCpetro mass accumulation rates (MARs) increased within the subtropics and mid-latitudes during the PETM, consistent with evidence of higher physical erosion rates and intense episodic rainfall events. The high-latitude sites do not exhibit distinct changes in the organic carbon source during the PETM. This may be due to the more stable hydrological regime and/or additional controls. Crucially, we also demonstrate that OCpetro MARs remained elevated during the recovery phase of the PETM. Although OCpetro oxidation was likely an important positive feedback mechanism throughout the PETM, we show that this feedback was both spatially and temporally variable.

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Synchronous Marine and Terrestrial Carbon Cycle Perturbation in the High Arctic During the PETM

Cited by 12 publications

References 150 publications

Biomarker Reconstruction of a High‐Latitude Late Paleocene to Early Eocene Coal Swamp Environment Across the PETM and ETM‐2 (Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada)

Biomarker Reconstruction of a High‐Latitude Late Paleocene to Early Eocene Coal Swamp Environment Across the PETM and ETM‐2 (Ellesmere Island, Arctic Canada)

Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Petrogenic Organic Carbon Mobilization During the Paleocene‐Eocene Thermal Maximum

Spatial and Temporal Patterns in Petrogenic Organic Carbon Mobilisation during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum

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