Syncytial development of annatto (Bixa orellana L.) pigment gland: A curious type of anastomosed articulated laticifer

Almeida, Andrea Lanna; Freitas, Patrícia França de; Ferreira, Clébio Pereira; Ventrella, Marília Contin

doi:10.1016/j.flora.2020.151727

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…2c), which may be another fundamental adult trait of B. orellana as shown for Arabidopsis (Kang and Dengler, 2004). Given that the formation of bixin channels require structural maturation of these tissues (Almeida et al .,2021), as noted also by the differential leaf venation pattern (Fig. 2c; gray arrows), these findings suggested a negative correlation between leaf maturation and the loss of miR156-targeted SPL activity.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

“…We then hypothesized that modifications in leaf structures, such as secretory structures, would be specifically impacted by SPL low levels in OE::156 plants. Bixin is produced in all plant tissues and accumulated in secretory structures, known as bixin channels (Almeida et al ., 2021). Therefore, we quantified bixin channels on the abaxial face of the third leaf (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2). Bixin gland ontogenesis depends on the gradual coalescence of cells with shared cell walls, which become degraded as seen in laticifer channels (Almeida et al ., 2021). Such process seems to depend on leaf maturation (Lee and Ding, 2016), which is delayed in OE:: 156 leaves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant age-dependent dynamics of annatto pigment (bixin) biosynthesis inBixa orellanaL.

Machado

Faria

Duarte

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Age affects the production of secondary metabolites, but how developmental cues regulate secondary metabolism remains poorly understood. Annatto (Bixa orellana L.) is a source of bixin, an apocarotenoid used in the world's food industry worldwide. Understanding how age-dependent mechanisms control bixin biosynthesis is of great interest for plant biology and for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and textile industries. Here, we used genetic and molecular tools to unravel the role of the annatto age regulated miRNA156 (miR156) targeted SQUAMOSA PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN LIKE (BoSPL) genes in secondary metabolism. Low expression of several BoSPL genes in miR156 overexpressing annatto plants (OE::156) impacted leaf ontogeny, reducing bixin production and increasing abscisic acid (ABA) levels. Modulation of BoCCD4;4 and BoCCD1 expression, key genes in lycopene cleavage, was associated with diverting the carbon flux from bixin to ABA, whereas upregulation of lycopene β cyclase genes implies the xanthophyll biosynthetic pathway acted as a carbon sink in OE::156 plants. Proteomic analyses revealed low accumulation of most secondary metabolite-related enzymes in OE::156 plants, suggesting that miR156 targeted BoSPLs are required to activate several annatto secondary metabolic pathways. Our findings suggest that carbon flux in B. orellana OE::156 leaves was redirected from bixin to ABA production, indicating an age-dependent leaf dynamics of bixin biosynthesis. Importantly, our study opened a new venue to future annatto breeding programs aiming to improve bixin output.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plant age-dependent dynamics of annatto pigment (bixin) biosynthesis inBixa orellanaL.

Machado

Faria

Duarte

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…Triterpene enrichment might supply sterols used in membrane biogenesis ( Zhou and Pichersky, 2020 ). Membrane biogenesis, which includes genes associated with “Fatty acid elongation”, occurs during the seed accumulation and the cell development glands in this tissue ( Almeida et al., 2021 ). These initial gland cells begin a process of coalescence with the adjacent cells where the cell walls among them are degraded, forming plurinucleated cells with frequent spherical vacuoles.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pigments accumulate to occupy the entire volume of the cell ( Rodríguez-Ávila et al., 2011b ). These specialized cells are ontogenetically related to anastomosed articulated laticifers that produce reddish latex rich in carotenoids ( Almeida et al., 2021 ). Only 30% of the dry weight in the aril is composed of bixin; the remaining 70% comprises primarily lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins ( Carvalho et al., 2010 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gene expression profile during seed development of Bixa orellana accessions varying in bixin pigment

Cárdenas-Conejo

Narváez-Zapata²,

Carballo-Uicab³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Diverse morphological, cellular and physiological changes occur during seed maturation in Bixa orellana when the seed tissues form specialized cell glands that produce reddish latex with high bixin amounts. Transcriptomic profiling during seed development in three B. orellana accessions (P12, N4 and N5) with contrasting morphologic characteristics showed enrichment in pathways of triterpenes, sesquiterpenes, and cuticular wax biosynthesis. WGCNA allows groups of all identified genes in six modules the module turquoise, the largest and highly correlated with the bixin content. The high number of genes in this module suggests a diversification of regulatory mechanisms for bixin accumulation with the genes belonging to isoprene, triterpenes and carotene pathways, being more highly correlated with the bixin content. Analysis of key genes of the mevalonate (MVA) and the 2C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) pathways revealed specific activities of orthologs of BoHMGR, BoFFP, BoDXS, and BoHDR. This suggests that isoprenoid production is necessary for compounds included in the reddish latex of developing seeds. The carotenoid-related genes BoPSY2, BoPDS1 and BoZDS displayed a high correlation with bixin production, consistent with the requirement for carotene precursors for apocarotenoid biosynthesis. The BoCCD gene member (BoCCD4-4) and some BoALDH (ALDH2B7.2 and ALDH3I1) and BoMET (BoSABATH1 and BoSABATH8) gene members were highly correlated to bixin in the final seed development stage. This suggested a contributing role for several genes in apocarotenoid production. The results revealed high genetic complexity in the biosynthesis of reddish latex and bixin in specialized seed cell glands in different accessions of B. orellana suggesting gene expression coordination between both metabolite biosynthesis processes.

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Advances in Tissue Culture and Transformation Studies in Non-model Species: Bixa orellana L. (Bixaceae)

Otoni,

Machado,

de Freitas Correia

et al. 2024

Plant Cell Culture Protocols

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Syncytial development of annatto (Bixa orellana L.) pigment gland: A curious type of anastomosed articulated laticifer

Cited by 8 publications

References 38 publications

Plant age-dependent dynamics of annatto pigment (bixin) biosynthesis inBixa orellanaL.

Plant age-dependent dynamics of annatto pigment (bixin) biosynthesis inBixa orellanaL.

Gene expression profile during seed development of Bixa orellana accessions varying in bixin pigment

Advances in Tissue Culture and Transformation Studies in Non-model Species: Bixa orellana L. (Bixaceae)

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