Synedrella nodiflora (Linn.) Gaertn. inhibits inflammatory responses through the regulation of Syk in RAW 264.7 macrophages

Abstract

Synedrella nodiflora (Linn.) Gaertn. (S. nodiflora) has long been used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases, including liver disease, asthma, rheumatism and earache, in tropical countries throughout America, Asia and Africa. However, the biological effects of S. nodiflora have not been extensively studied at the molecular level. Notably, it remains unclear how S. nodiflora exerts anti-inflammatory activity. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of a methanol extract of S. nodiflora (MSN) in RAW 264.7 macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was investigated. Non-cytotoxic concentrations of MSN (≤400 µg/ml) decreased the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which resulted in a decrease in nitric oxide and prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) production. The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α was reduced upon MSN treatment. In addition, the activation of spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) and Akt was suppressed by MSN. Taken together, these findings recommend the traditional medicinal application of S. nodiflora in the treatment of several inflammation-associated diseases and indicate the possibility of MSN as a novel therapeutic reagent of inflammation-related diseases.

Sasanquasaponin from Camellia oleifera Abel Exerts an Anti-Inflammatory Effect in RAW 264.7 Cells via Inhibition of the NF-κB/MAPK Signaling Pathways

“…Notably, few studies have examined the effect of SQS on macrophages in regulating inflammation. Inflammation-related diseases are common and critical, and developing natural compounds that are capable of suppressing the inflammatory response with fewer side effects is essential to establishing novel anti-inflammatory therapeutic interventions [17]. To confirm the pharmacological effects of SQS, we isolated and purified SQS from C. oleifera seeds and evaluated its antiinflammatory effects and underlying mechanisms in the LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells.…”

Distinguishing two morphologically similar species of Asteraceae using a chloroplast DNA marker

“…Relatively many studies on the potentials of S. nodiflora, e.g. as medicinal herbs [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], bioinsecticide [12], biofungicide [13], and detoxificant for heavy metals such as Cu and Pb [14], have been reported. On the other hand, no study has been performed on C. vialis potentials to human life.…”