Synergistic Effect and Mechanism of Apoptosis Induction by Morphine and the HIV-1gp120V3 Loop in Hippocampal Neurons

Yan, Xueqin; Gong, Zheng; Pan, Rui; Wang, Huili; Tang, Haijie; He, Hanyang; Wen, Saixian; Fu, Yongmei; Dong, Jing

doi:10.1007/s11481-021-09989-0

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Exposure to opioid receptor agonists, such as morphine, increases the susceptibility to death following the apoptotic mechanisms. Neuronal apoptosis shares a similar mechanism as morphine addiction [57]. An increased level of cholesterol damages the neuron, mediated by NMDA [1].…”

Section: Activation Of Apoptosis Cascadementioning

confidence: 95%

Molecular Basis for Morphine Addiction

Suliman,

Abu Bakar,

Othman

2023

MJMHS

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Opioids are known to be used medically as analgesia and illegally as recreational drugs. Morphine, a semi-synthetic opioid is used widely in managing pain. Despite knowing the side-effect of the usage, the number of illegal users of opioids or morphine, specifically, is statistically still growing. Long-term usage of opioids, especially morphine, induces addiction that is expressed as dependence, tolerance, and withdrawal behaviour. Currently, with expanding research on anti-addiction studies, many loopholes in the basic mechanism of addiction were found, providing a setback for the researchers to overcome the problem. Thus, this review is aimed to present the latest update on the cellular modifications caused by chronic morphine treatment. By understanding and updating the knowledge, research can focus on the recent postulation and suggestions.

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Section: Activation Of Apoptosis Cascadementioning

confidence: 95%

Molecular Basis for Morphine Addiction

Suliman,

Abu Bakar,

Othman

2023

MJMHS

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“…Animal models have proven especially useful for research on substance abuse and HIV comorbidity [97,[110][111][112][113][114]. For instance, animal experiments have shown evidence that the presence of HIV-1 viral proteins in the CNS increases the sensitivity and susceptibility of HIV-positive individuals to substance abuse [97].…”

Section: Animal Models Of Hiv Infection In the Cnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neurological complications during HIV infection

Martinez-Navío

2021

Explor Neuroprot Ther

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Early in the course of infection, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is able to enter the central nervous system where it stablishes a permanent reservoir. Current antiretroviral therapies do not efficiently cross the blood-brain barrier and therefore do not reach the HIV located in the central nervous system. Consequently, HIV infection can often be associated with neurocognitive impairment and HIV-associated dementia. The purpose of this review is to brief the reader into the world of neurological complications arising from HIV infection. Mechanisms by which HIV directly or indirectly impairs the central nervous system are discussed, as well as other factors influencing or contributing to the impairment, and the animal models currently used to perform research on the topic.

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