Synergistic effects of autochthonous probiotic bacterium and Mentha piperita diets in Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822) for enhanced growth and immune response

Abstract

Two dietary experiments were performed to evaluate the impact of the herb Mentha piperita as a dietary supplement on Catla catla. In Experiment 1, fingerlings (0.45-2.60 g) were fed on diets supplemented with M. piperita at different levels (P1, P2, P3, and P4 at 2, 4, 6, and 8 g Kg −1 of feed) and C1 served as the control with no peppermint supplementation. In Experiment 2, fingerlings (0.40-3.15 g) were fed with diets containing autochthonous probiotic bacteria Bacillus coagulans (3000 colony forming unit g −1 ) along with M. piperita (PP1-PP4 at 2, 4, 6, and 8 g Kg −1 of feed) and feed C2 served as control containing probiotics but no peppermint. Significantly (P < 0.05) high values of growth parameters, digestive enzyme activities, low reed conservation ratio, low excretion of ammonia, and orthophosphates were observed in fingerlings fed with P3 for Experiment 1 and PP3 for Experiment 2. Hematological counts, phagocytic activity, and respiratory burst activity were also enhanced in fingerlings fed with M. piperita supplementation revealing that dietary administration of peppermint at optimum level can enhance the growth, digestibility, and immunity of C. catla fingerlings; however, incorporation of B. coagulans showed better growth and immunity revealing that synergistic effects of M. piperita and autochthonous probiotic in C. catla diets can lead to its sustainable aquaculture.

Role of Zingiber officinale and autochthonous probiotic Bacillus coagulans in feeds of Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822) for growth promotion, immunostimulation, histoprotection, and control of DNA damage

“…This might be associated with the existence of probiotic bacterium incorporated in diet which replaced the brutal microbial promoters (Sun et al 2010) or might be due to establishment of probiotic bacteria in gut of fishes that extended its exogenous enzyme production conclusively enhancing the growth performance (Bhatnagar et al 2012;Bhatnagar and Lamba, 2017). Similar results were achieved by Bhatnagar and Saluja (2019) in which high growth performance were observed in C. catla fingerlings when fed on Mentha piperita supplemented diet at the rate of 6 g kg −1 along with probiotic bacterium B. coagulans @ 3000 CFU g −1 of feed. FCR was found to be significantly low in dietary treatment G3 in those group of fingerlings which fed on Z. officinale-supplemented diet which clearly suggested that Z. officinale performed as efficient appetizer and thus fingerlings utilized the Z. officinale-supplemented diet effectively which subsequently increased the digestibility.…”

Unlocking the potential: A comprehensive review on the application of probiotics in aquaculture

“…Hamka et al (2020) [12] reported that the use of a combination of Bacillus megaterium PTB 1.4 and Pediococcus pentosaceus E2211 through a fish feed provided better performance than the single use of either of the two probiotics. The combined use of probiotics (Bacillus coagulans) and plant extract (Mentha piperita) ensured better growth performance, nutrient retention and immunity in Catla as compared to a singly application (Bhatnagar and Saluja, 2019) [3] .…”

Probiotic bacteria as a healthy alternative for fish and biological control agents in aquaculture

“…Lactobacillus plantarum N11 and B. velezensis H3.1 were both combined with Nile tilapia (Oerochromis niloticus) to promote a higher survival rate (583.33%) when compared to the single application of L. plantarum (54.17%) and B. velezensis (41.67%) (Doan et al, 2018). Combined application of B. coagulans and Mentha piperita in Catla catla improved growth performance, nutrient retention, and immunity (Bhatnagar and Saluja, 2019).…”