Synergistic effects of co-pyrolysis of macroalgae and polyvinyl chloride on bio-oil/bio-char properties and transferring regularity of chlorine

Cao, Bin; Sun, Yangkai; Guo, Jing; Wang, Shuang; Yuan, Jianping; Esakkimuthu, Sivakumar; Uzoejinwa, Benjamin Bernard; Yuan, Chuan; Abomohra, Abd El‐Fatah; Qian, Lili; Liu, Lu; Li, Bin; He, Zhixia; Wang, Qian

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2019.02.037

Cited by 121 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The structural characteristics of PVC recovered from EEE cables are presented in Figure 2b. PVC presents its specific bands from 2950, 2918, and 2876 cm −1 due to CH stretching, and the fingerprint from the range 1000–1800 cm −1 with two intense peaks at 1427 (CH 2 Cl bending) and 1274 cm −1 (CHCl out of plane angular deformation) 33,34 . CCl stretch is evidenced by the bands from 690–600 cm −1 34–36 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of non‐metallic fraction of printed circuit boards waste on recycled polyvinyl chloride from waste wires

Grigorescu

Ghioca

Iancu

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Recycling of electric and electronic equipment is an emerging global issue in order to decrease the high amount of waste deposited on landfill or incinerated, and thus reducing the environmental pollution. Different strategies of eliminating this waste can be applied. In this paper, the non‐metallic fraction of printed circuit boards, due to the contained amount of glass fiber and rigid epoxy matrix, are considered suitable for valorization as reinforcing filler for polyvinyl chloride recovered from the insulation of equipment cables. The composites containing up to 30% filler are characterized in terms of structural, morphological, thermal, dielectric, mechanical and dynamic‐mechanical properties. Physical interactions are established between the components. Good homogeneity of composites at small dosages of filler is proven, and thus the mechanical and dynamic‐mechanical properties present increased or unchanged values compared with the polymeric matrix. At higher amounts of waste powder, some defects and agglomerates are observed and correlated with decreased values of the main tensile characteristics. Based on the physical‐mechanical and dielectric characterization, the paper shows that reinforced recycled polyvinyl chloride composites with 15%–20% non‐metallic fraction of printed circuit boards waste present suitable properties for reuse the polymer in different technical applications, mainly as insulating technical materials.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of non‐metallic fraction of printed circuit boards waste on recycled polyvinyl chloride from waste wires

Grigorescu

Ghioca

Iancu

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…44 The dates of ultimate analysis were tested by the elemental analyzer (FLASH1112, Thermo Electron Corporation, America). Initially, 4 g of EN powder with various quantities of HZSM-5 catalyst and 40 mL of a solution containing various ethanol and water proportions were pooled into the reactor.…”

Section: Experimental Procedures and Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GC-MS (Agilent Technologies 7890, American) was used to analyze the bio-oil, based on the specific setup and instructions described in the previous study. 44 The dates of ultimate analysis were tested by the elemental analyzer (FLASH1112, Thermo Electron Corporation, America).…”

Section: Experimental Procedures and Analysis Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cosolvent and addition of catalyst (HZSM‐5) on hydrothermal liquefaction of macroalgae

et al. 2019

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Summary The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the direct liquefaction of macroalgae in an autoclave reactor (50 mL) possessing water and ethanol as cosolvent. The reaction conditions such as duration, temperature, algae/solvent ratio, the composition of cosolvent (ethanol‐water) on product distribution, and bio‐oil characterization were studied. The optimum conditions such as 300°C of temperature, 45 minutes of reaction time, 75% of ethanol, and algae to solvent ratio of 4/40 g/mL supported the bio‐oil yield of 46.75% with a conversion rate of 95.5%. The composition and concentration of the compounds in the bio‐oil produced under various doses of catalyst were described using GC‐MS. The bio‐oil characterization showed that the esters were most predominant in hydrothermal liquefaction with a catalyst (HZSM‐5) compared with hydrothermal liquefaction in the absence of the catalyst.

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“…An examination of PAH formation and chlorine distribution in the oil, gas, and char yields from PVC pyrolysis by Cao et al (2019) found that the PAH content in pyrolysis oil was 'amazingly high' at 95.3%, while chlorine was retained in both oil and char at far greater concentrations than predicted. Evangelopoulus et al (2015) studied the pyrolysis of plastics from printed circuit boards and found that low temperature ( ≤ 700°C) favours the formation of brominated compounds and BPA, while higher temperature ( ≥ 700°C) favours PAHs and benzofurans.…”

Section: Challenges > Adverse Environmental Impactsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Chemical recycling: Status, Sustainability, and Environmental Impacts

Rollinson¹,

Oladejo²

2020

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according to many experts, the approach of chemical recycling is not the right way. The special value of plastic, the polymerised structure, is decomposed and transformed into an inferior product, such as a low quality oil that has to be treated with great effort in order to turn it back into plastic'.As society seeks to transition away from fossil fuel consumption and mitigate the threat posed by plastic pollution, governments, citizens, and NGOs currently struggle to assess the concept with little or no independent data available on the technologies or their capabilities. To address the problem, and drawing predominantly from peer-reviewed, non-industry financed literature, this report considers the following questions with regard to chemical recycling of plastic:1. What are these technologies and how do they compare with other methods for treating plastic waste? 2. What are the environmental implications? 3. Are they sustainable? 4. Is the technology mature or likely to be so in the next ten years?

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Synergistic effects of co-pyrolysis of macroalgae and polyvinyl chloride on bio-oil/bio-char properties and transferring regularity of chlorine

Cited by 121 publications

References 31 publications

Influence of non‐metallic fraction of printed circuit boards waste on recycled polyvinyl chloride from waste wires

Influence of non‐metallic fraction of printed circuit boards waste on recycled polyvinyl chloride from waste wires

Effect of cosolvent and addition of catalyst (HZSM‐5) on hydrothermal liquefaction of macroalgae

Chemical recycling: Status, Sustainability, and Environmental Impacts

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