Synergistic Effects of Lauryl Gallate and Tamoxifen on Human Breast Cancer Cell

Abstract

<jats:p>Background: Tamoxifen (TAM) is widely used for adjuvant therapy in breast cancer patients. Tamoxifen therapy may lead to serious side effects. Anti-apoptotic substances in combination with chemotherapy drugs can result in additive or synergistic effects. Lauryl gallate (LG), a Gallic acid derivative, has been proven to inhibit tumor growth, without affecting normal cells. This study aimed to investigate the synergistic effect of TAM and LG in breast cancer cell line (MCF-7).&#x0D; Methods: In this experimental study, performed in ShahreKord University of Medical Science, Iran in 2017, the MCF-7 cells were treated by final concentrations of 10 μM TAM alone, and in combination with 200 μM of LG. We also used EX-527, as SIRT-1 inhibitor to examine the role of SIRT1 in cell apoptosis. BCL-2 and SIRT1 gene expression were measured by real-time PCR method, and cell apoptosis was investigated by flow cytometry.&#x0D; Results: Tamoxifen alone and in combination with LG decreased BCL-2 expression 2.64±0.75 and 6.38±1.9 fold, respectively, after 48 h (P&lt;0.05). SIRT1 expression was increased 1.67±0.22 and 2.47±0.34 - fold by TAM alone and in combination with LG, respectively (P&lt;0.05). TAM alone and in combination with LG increased the percentage of apoptotic cells 15.79±2.81 and 60.67±6.23 percent, respectively after 48 h (P&lt;0.001).&#x0D; Conclusion: The combination of LG and TAM is more effective for induction of apoptosis of breast cancer cells, compared to individual use of each. Thus, our data pave the way for new therapeutic options for suppressing breast cancer growth.</jats:p>

Tamoxifen and oxidative stress: an overlooked connection

“…Moreover, the synergic pro-apoptotic effect of lauryl gallate and tamoxifen was demonstrated in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The combination of both substances resulted in a lower expression of Bcl-2 [ 97 ]. Additionally, co-treatment by tamoxifen and PI3K inhibitor LY294002 synergically induced expression of pro-apoptotic genes such as caspase-3 and -7, and p53 and p21, respectively.…”

An Update on Tamoxifen and the Chemo-Preventive Potential of Vitamin E in Breast Cancer Management

“…When combined with TAM, it induces caspase-3-activated apoptosis in BC cells [ 219 ]. Other products of natural origin include equol [ 220 ], the phospholipid complex [ 221 ], poly(D, L-lactic acid) [ 222 ], thymoquinone [ 223 ], caffeic acid phenethyl ester [ 224 ], xanthene hybrid [ 225 ], lycopene [ 226 ], lauryl gallate [ 227 ], and zinc [ 228 ]. It has been recently reported that the combination treatment of TAM with poly-botanical dietary supplements and their extracts enhances its anticancer properties and helps to increase the sensitivity of TAM-resistant cell lines [ 229 ].…”

Curcumin, Diallyl Sulphide, Quercetin and Gallic Acid Uses as Anticancer and Therapeutic Agents for Breast Cancer: Current Strategies and Future Perspectives

“…Cell cycle growth and induction of apoptosis was seen [146]. Gallic acid and tamoxifen in combination and alone culture with breast cancer cell and downregulation of BCL2 and upregulation of SIRT1 expression rather than alone treatment [147]. Apple extract contain gallic acid and the combination and alone treatment of MCF 7 cell induce cell proliferation in dose dependent manner [148].…”