Synergistic Effects of Streptococcal Glucosyltransferases on Adhesive Biofilm Formation

Tamesada, Makoto; Kawabata, Shigetada; Fujiwara, Taku; Hamada, Shigeyuki

doi:10.1177/154405910408301110

Cited by 82 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In this study, we made an effort to investigate the effect of Clearly, most studies have focused on the production and gene regulation of virulence factors such as GTFs, which play an important role in biofilm formation by S. mutans for the purpose of controlling dental caries (12,32).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus acidophilus-derived biosurfactant effect on gtfB and gtfC expression level in Streptococcus mutans biofilm cells

Tahmourespour¹,

Salehi²,

Kermanshahi³

2011

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), harboring biofilm formation, considered as a main aetiological factor of dental caries. Gtf genes play an important role in S. mutans biofilm formation. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Lactobacillus acidophilus-derived biosurfactant on S. mutans biofilm formation and gtfB/C expression level (S. mutans standard strain ATCC35668 and isolated S. mutans strain (22) Several properties of S. mutans cells (the surface properties, biofilm formation, adhesion ability and gene expression) were changed after L. acidophilus-derived biosurfactant treatment. It is also concluded that biosurfacant treatment can provide an optional way to control biofilm development. On the basis of our findings, we can suggest that the prepared biosurfactant may interfere with adhesion processes of S. mutans to teeth surfaces, provided additional evaluation produce satisfactory results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus acidophilus-derived biosurfactant effect on gtfB and gtfC expression level in Streptococcus mutans biofilm cells

Tahmourespour¹,

Salehi²,

Kermanshahi³

2011

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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“…GTFs synthesize exopolysaccharide glucans using sucrose as a substrate, and both GTFs and glucans are important virulence factors for adherence and the formation of biofilm on the tooth surface in the oral cavity (49). S. mutans and other GTFs secreting viridans group streptococci can gain access readily to the blood circulation after routine dental procedures or traumatic injury (20).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glucosyltransferases of Viridans Group Streptococci Modulate Interleukin-6 and Adhesion Molecule Expression in Endothelial Cells and Augment Monocytic Cell Adherence

2006

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Recruitment of monocytes plays important roles during vegetation formation and endocardial inflammation in the pathogenesis of infective endocarditis (IE). Bacterial antigens or modulins can activate endothelial cells through the expression of cytokines or adhesion molecules and modulate the recruitment of leukocytes. We hypothesized that glucosyltransferases (GTFs), modulins of viridans group streptococci, may act directly to up-regulate the expression of adhesion molecules and also interleukin-6 (IL-6) to augment monocyte attachment to endothelial cells. Using primary cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) as an in vitro model, we demonstrated that GTFs (in the cell-bound or free form) could specifically modulate the expression of IL-6, and also adhesion molecules, in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Results of inhibition assays suggested that enhanced expression of adhesion molecules was dependent on the activation of nuclear factor B (NF-B) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase and that p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways also contributed to the release of IL-6. Streptococcus-infected HUVECs or treatment with purified IL-6 plus soluble IL-6 receptor ␣ enhanced the expression of ICAM-1 and the adherence of the monocytic cell line U937. These results suggest that streptococcal GTFs might play an important role in recruiting monocytic cells during inflammation in IE through induction of adhesion molecules and IL-6, a cytokine involved in transition from neutrophil to monocyte recruitment.

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“…S. mutans vicX-deficient cultures are more adherent at the mid-log phase. Previously, other researchers have shown that the structure of a mature S. mutans biofilm (Ͼ18 h old) is both gtfB and gtfC dependent regardless of the presence of sucrose (35,38). Moreover, we previously described a role for the vic operon in gtfB and gtfC transcription during exponential growth (33).…”

Section: Vol 189 2007 Novel Gene That Controls Virulence In S Mutamentioning

confidence: 99%

The Streptococcus mutans vicX Gene Product Modulates gtfB / C Expression, Biofilm Formation, Genetic Competence, and Oxidative Stress Tolerance

et al. 2007

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Streptococcus mutans is considered one of the primary etiologic agents of dental caries. Previously, we characterized the VicRK two-component signal transduction system, which regulates multiple virulence factors of S. mutans. In this study, we focused on the vicX gene of the vicRKX tricistronic operon. To characterize vicX, we constructed a nonpolar deletion mutation in the vicX coding region in S. mutans UA159. The growth kinetics of the mutant (designated SmuvicX) showed that the doubling time was longer and that there was considerable sensitivity to paraquat-induced oxidative stress. Supplementing a culture of the wild-type UA159 strain with paraquat significantly increased the expression of vicX (P < 0.05, as determined by analysis of variance [ANOVA]), confirming the role of this gene in oxidative stress tolerance in S. mutans. Examination of mutant biofilms revealed architecturally altered cell clusters that were seemingly denser than the wild-type cell clusters. Interestingly, vicX-deficient cells grown in a glucose-supplemented medium exhibited significantly increased glucosyltransferase B/C (gtfB/C) expression compared with the expression in the wild type (P < 0.05, as determined by ANOVA). Moreover, a sucrose-dependent adhesion assay performed using an S. mutans GS5-derived vicX null mutant demonstrated that the adhesiveness of this mutant was enhanced compared with that of the parent strain and isogenic mutants of the parent strain lacking gtfB and/or gtfC. Also, disruption of vicX reduced the genetic transformability of the mutant approximately 10-fold compared with that of the parent strain (P < 0.05, as determined by ANOVA). Collectively, these findings provide insight into important phenotypes controlled by the vicX gene product that can impact S. mutans pathogenicity.

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Synergistic Effects of Streptococcal Glucosyltransferases on Adhesive Biofilm Formation

Cited by 82 publications

References 33 publications

Lactobacillus acidophilus-derived biosurfactant effect on gtfB and gtfC expression level in Streptococcus mutans biofilm cells

Lactobacillus acidophilus-derived biosurfactant effect on gtfB and gtfC expression level in Streptococcus mutans biofilm cells

Glucosyltransferases of Viridans Group Streptococci Modulate Interleukin-6 and Adhesion Molecule Expression in Endothelial Cells and Augment Monocytic Cell Adherence

The Streptococcus mutans vicX Gene Product Modulates gtfB / C Expression, Biofilm Formation, Genetic Competence, and Oxidative Stress Tolerance

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