Synergistic effects of surface aminolysis and hydrolysis on improving fibroblast cell colonization within poly(L‐lactide) scaffolds

Abstract

This work presents a method for overcoming the low internal cell colonization within the tissue engineering scaffolds. 3D scaffolds were fabricated by the compression molding/salt leaching technique from mixtures of aminolyzed and hydrolyzed poly(L-lactide) single crystals (PLLAsc) with poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLLA) microparticles. Modified PLLAsc were used to guarantee the surface hydrophilicity, while PDLLA microparticles were used to reinforce the scaffolds. Mechanical properties, morphology, water uptake and fibroblast cell response of the scaffolds were investigated in comparison with scaffolds from only pristine, hydrolyzed, or aminolyzed PLLAsc. Results showed that the scaffolds exhibited proper morphology and hydrophilicity with an enhanced strength. Water uptake by scaffolds from modified PLLAsc was 1.9 times that from pristine PLLAsc. The scaffolds' compressive moduli increased 2.5 times by using of PDLLA (30 wt%). After cell seeding for a week, the number of cells founded on aminolyzed/hydrolyzed PLLAsc scaffolds were 4.28, 2.14, and 1.36 times that founded for pristine, aminolyzed and hydrolyzed PLLAsc scaffolds, respectively. SEM studies showed that fibroblasts migrated and spread throughout the aminolyzed/hydrolyzed PLLAsc scaffolds better than other scaffolds. Hence, combining both aminolyzed and hydrolyzed PLLAsc with PDLLA could result in a mechanically stable scaffold with an enhanced cell colonization.

Aminolysis as a surface functionalization method of aliphatic polyester nonwovens: impact on material properties and biological response

“…1 Scaffolds, drug delivery systems, and implants are modied in different ways depending on the form and chemistry of the material and application site. In the case of polymer scaffolds commonly used methods are plasma treatment, 2,3 wet chemistry (hydrolysis, aminolysis), 4 layer by layer technique, 5 surface gra polymerization, 6 coating with inorganic particles 7,8 and biomolecule immobilization. 9,10 Most frequently, these modications concern changing wettability, surface energy, topography, or surface elasticity or introducing charged groups or bioactive motives.…”

“…Aminolysis can be exploited as a single-step approach to enhance cell response as a result of improved wettability and/or presence of positive charge. 4,6,26 On the other hand, the aminolysis technique is frequently used as an intermediate step before further physical or chemical immobilization of biomacromolecules. 27,28 There are also other approaches to introduce free amine groups on the material surface.…”

Scaffold-based developmental tissue engineering strategies for ectodermal organ regeneration

“…Particularly promising results were achieved by using cell-laden hydrogel-based strategies, as cells are directly embedded in a 3D microenvironment that allows for their mobility and self-organization to replicate the developmental processes that lead to the organs development. In cell-seeded scaffold approaches, on the contrary, cells are seeded on (macro)porous scaffolds that, despite potentially promoting tissue ingrowth after in vivo implantation, require particular efforts in the design of pores, porosity and interconnectivity to allow for full scaffold colonization, which remains challenging [ 217 ], and subsequent cell self-organization. Finally, most of the described approaches require manually prepared cell-laden scaffolds.…”

Asymmetric Supercapacitors Based on Co3O4@MnO2@PPy Porous Pattern Core-Shell Structure Cathode Materials

“…To improve the electrochemical performance of MnO 2 , we synthesize Co 3 O 4 @MnO 2 @PPy composite electrode by using the Co 3 O 4 nanowire and PPy as the core and shell, respectively. Through testing, we found that the "core-shell-shell" structure makes use of synergistic effect [39][40][41][42] to obviously promote the process of charge transfer, obtain higher capacitance, and improve the material's multiplier ability and cycling stability. In addition, the application of electrodeposition to protect the PPy coating is conducive to stabilizing the SEI membrane and protecting the structural collapse of manganese dioxide during the long cycle.…”