Synergistic function of N‐P‐Cu containing supermolecular assembly networks in intumescent flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane

Abstract

The design of high‐performance compounded flame retardants based on multielement can be of great significance for reducing the flammability of polymer materials. In this article, a new type of N‐P‐Cu containing supermolecular assembly network (MPCSN) flame retardant was prepared and subsequently added into thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer (TPU)/silicon microencapsulated ammonium polyphosphate (SiAPP) composites. The obtained results indicated that a series of TPU/SiAPP/MPCSN composites exhibited strong adhesions with the TPU matrix. Additionally, the thermal and flame retardant performances of TPU composites were markedly improved after the introduction of different proportions of SiAPP to MPCSN. For example, the peak of heat release rate, the total heat release, the peak of smoke production rate, the total smoke release of the TPU composite containing 7.5 wt% SiAPP and 2.5 wt% MPCSN (TPU/SiAPP3/MPCSN1) remarkably decreased by 68.7%, 52.9%, 52.4%, and 49.4%, respectively, besides the highest LOI value (27.5 vol%) and UL‐94 V‐0 rating, compared with those of pure TPU. The improved flame retardance of the TPU/SiAPP3/MPCSN1 composite was due to the explanations: On one hand, a compact intumescent char effectively protected the TPU matrix from heat and oxygen and retarded the gaseous products permeation into the combustion zone; on the other hand, evolved phosphorus‐containing free radicals captured the H• and HO• generated from the TPU material. The synergistic effect of SiAPP and MPCSN resulted in strong flame suppression, accompanied by 10.8% and 37.8% reductions in FIGRA and Av‐EHC, respectively. This article offers a facile approach to fabricate highly effective flame‐retardant TPU composites.

Research on synthesis of polyurethane based on a new chain extender obtained from waste polyethylene terephthalate

“…16,17 Another is to introduce solid fillers into the polyurethane matrix, 18,19 Ideally, the incorporation of small amounts of fillers into polymeric matrices can significantly improve the performance of composites. 20,21 High-performance polyurethane materials have recently attracted significant attention due to their promising applications in emerging fields, including transportation industry (automobile, ship, and aircraft), national defense industry, civil engineering, electronic products, and so forth, especially in flexible electronics, [22][23][24] soft robot [25][26][27] and response materials. 28,29 However, these materials are prone to crack or damage, leading to a sharp decline in their sustainability, safety, and lifespan.…”

“…One is to modify the molecular structure of polyurethane by decoration of its basic building blocks, so as to improve its performance 16,17 . Another is to introduce solid fillers into the polyurethane matrix, 18,19 Ideally, the incorporation of small amounts of fillers into polymeric matrices can significantly improve the performance of composites 20,21 …”

Grafting alkynyl groups on the surface of nano‐aramid fibers towards flame retardant thermoplastic polyurethane

“…The thermal safety and fire safety properties of TPUs are enhanced by hybridization of Ti 3 C 2 T x with reduced graphene oxide and Ti 3 C 2 T x with copper nanoparticles 15,16 . An N‐P‐Cu supramolecular assembly network is also prepared for the flame retardant treatment of TPUs 17 . And IFRs are considered to be one of the most effective flame retardants for TPU, which consists of an acid source (APP), carbon source (pentaerythritol PER), and gas source (melamine MEL).…”

A method to essentially increase the compatibility of thermoplastic polyurethane/methyl vinyl silicone rubber based thermoplastic vulcanizate

“…Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is a linear polymer with excellent mechanical properties, good solvent resistance, higher durability and excellent fatigue resistance 1–5 . However, TPU also has certain shortcomings, which are poor high‐ and low‐temperature performance, poor heat resistance, low‐flame retardant grade and intense dripping 6–9 . Methyl vinyl silicone rubber (VMQ) has high‐thermal stability, excellent high‐ and low‐temperature resistance, stable oxidation and high‐flame retardant grade, 10 but it also has poor mechanical properties which are difficult to meet in many use environments.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5] However, TPU also has certain shortcomings, which are poor high-and low-temperature performance, poor heat resistance, low-flame retardant grade and intense dripping. [6][7][8][9] Methyl vinyl silicone rubber (VMQ) has high-thermal stability, excellent high-and low-temperature resistance, stable oxidation and highflame retardant grade, 10 but it also has poor mechanical properties which are difficult to meet in many use environments. Thermoplastic vulcanizate (TPV) is a polymer mixing process that can combine the advantages of plastic and rubber.…”