Synopsis of IEEE Std C95.1™-2019 “IEEE Standard for Safety Levels With Respect to Human Exposure to Electric, Magnetic, and Electromagnetic Fields, 0 Hz to 300 GHz”

Abstract

The newly released IEEE Std C95.1 TM-2019 defines exposure criteria and associated limits for the protection of persons against established adverse health effects from exposures to electric, magnetic, and electromagnetic fields, in the frequency range 0 Hz to 300 GHz. The exposure limits apply to persons permitted in restricted environments and to the general public in unrestricted environments. These limits are not intended to apply to the exposure of patients by or under the direction of physicians and care professionals, as well as to the exposure of informed volunteers in scientific research studies, or to the use of medical devices or implants. IEEE Std C95.1 TM

Measurements and Analysis of Personal Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields at Outdoor and Indoor School Buildings: A Case Study at a Spanish School

“…International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) [45] together with World Health Organization (WHO) and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) [46]- [48] have issued a series of guidelines of exposure, establishing limits of the different types of non-ionizing radiation and these guidelines are in turn used to develop legislation. In addition, IEEE Standard C95.…”

Fully Implantable Low-Power High Frequency Range Optoelectronic Devices for Dual-Channel Modulation in the Brain

“…A thermal assessment of wireless devices using an infrared camera revealed that no detectable change (<0.3 °C) in temperatures during operation was observed in Figure S5c , suggesting that heat generation from LEDs is not detrimental to the operation of LEDs. Additionally, the computed SAR distribution on a mouse model showed that <12 mW/kg is below the guidelines suggested by IEEE ( Figure S5d ) [ 21 ].…”

“…To prove that we overcame this matter in our proposed system, we elicited simulation results in various positions and angles of the proposed device in the homecage with the dual-coil TX system. All simulations were conducted with the 2 W, TX power level as a result of considering the safety level of electromagnetic fields [ 21 ].…”

“…Although such wireless platform systems provide some utility with user-friendly software, the power requirements for wireless operation (~3 mA for a µC embedded communication system, ~3.5 mA for an NFC chip, and ~10 mA for a Bluetooth device) make them less ideal for small animal research or longitudinal experiments [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Furthermore, the wireless power transmitter for NFC or Bluetooth systems must deliver a power level of 8–12 W in order to activate the devices in a cage, and this could exceed the upper limits suggested by IEEE depending on the classes of neuroscience experiments [ 21 ]. Any exposures above the guidelines could potentially cause tissue damage associated with the absorption of radio-frequency (RF) signals [ 22 ].…”

Quantifying Physiological Biomarkers of a Microwave Brain Stimulation Device

“…The conducted power, i.e., the RF power supplied to the antenna, is 102.57 mW (20.11 dBm) for the 2.4 GHz antenna and 56.75 mW (17.54 dBm) for the 5.2 GHz antenna. The localized specific absorption rate (SAR) for the head is 0.838 W/Kg using the 2.4 GHz antenna and 1.175 W/kg using the 5.2 GHz antenna, both of which are lower than the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standard [ 33 ] and the Korean SAR standard. The brain tissue is exposed to this microwave signal if the subject is positioned in the field of exposure.…”