Synthesis and characterisation of cycloaliphatic and aromatic amines based cardanol benzoxazines: A comparative study

Shah, Mrinalini; Srinivasan, Harinei; Arumugam, Hariharan; Krishnasamy, Balaji; Alagar, Muthukaruppan

doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134802

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…About 0.1 mol of synthesized PBU was mixed with 0.2 mol of aniline (a) and 0.4 mol of paraformaldehyde was added gradually with in a 250 mL double‐necked round‐bottomed flask with constant stirring in the presence of 50 mL 1,4‐dioxane as a solvent at 100°C for over 4 h until benzoxazines were produced. The obtained crude product was purified as per the reported literature 33–35 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The obtained crude product was purified as per the reported literature. [33][34][35] and labeled as PBU-a. Similarly, octadecylamine (oda), cyclohexylamine (cha), furfurylamine (ffa), and 4-fluoroaniline (fa) were separately used to react with PBU to obtain corresponding benzoxazine monomers and labeled as PBU-oda, PBU-cha, PBU-ffa and PBU-fa, respectively (Scheme 2).…”

Section: Synthesis Of Pbu Based Benzoxazinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Boron doped graphitic carbon nitride (BN‐g‐C₃N₄) and palm flower ash reinforced pyrimidinone core‐based polybenzoxazine composites for low‐k and high‐k applications

et al. 2023

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The present work provides a facile process route for the syntheses of pyrimidinone‐based benzoxazines by using stoichiometric quantities of pyrimidinone bisphenol (PBU) and paraformaldehyde, which are separately reacted with various types of amines under suitable experimental conditions. The molecular structure, curing characteristics, thermostability, hydrophobic behavior, and dielectric properties were analyzed using appropriate analytical methods. The polymerization temperature (Tp) of monomers such as PBU‐oda, PBU‐cha, PBU‐ffa, PBU‐a, and PBU‐fa was determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and the Tp values were noted at 205, 198, 203, 218, and 240°C, respectively. The percentage carbon residue at 850°C for poly(PBU‐oda), poly(PBU‐cha), poly(PBU‐ffa), poly(PBU‐a), and poly(PBU‐fa) were analyzed using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The water interface angle values for poly(PBU‐oda), poly(PBU‐cha), poly(PBU‐ffa), poly(PBU‐a), and poly(PBU‐fa) was found to be 141°, 134°, 142°, 136°, and 142°, respectively. The results from the dielectric studies indicate that the benzoxazines (PBU‐ffa and PBU‐a) composites reinforced with palm flower silica (PF‐SiO2) and boron nitride‐g‐C3N4 (BN‐g‐C3N4) were found to be suitable for low and high dielectric applications. From these diverse studies, it can be determined that pyrimidinone‐based benzoxazines to be utilized as high‐performance products in the form of encapsulants, potting agents, and composites for automotive and microprocessor applications.Highlights Pyrimidinone core bisphenol has developed through the efficient method. New pyrimidinone core bisphenol based benzoxazine resins have been developed. BN‐g‐C3N4 filled polybenzoxazine composites have prepared for high‐k applications. Palm flower ash filled polybenzoxazine composites have prepared low‐k applications. Thermal and morphological behavior of composites were studied.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthesis Of Pbu Based Benzoxazinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boron doped graphitic carbon nitride (BN‐g‐C₃N₄) and palm flower ash reinforced pyrimidinone core‐based polybenzoxazine composites for low‐k and high‐k applications

et al. 2023

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“…46 Mono, bi, and tetrafunctional benzoxazines were developed using cardanol with different cycloaliphatic shows the lowest char yield value of 6%. 47 This indicates that the presence of long aliphatic chain in the benzoxazine leads to a decrease in char yield value. In this work, among these polybenzoxazines, poly(TTP-le) displays a lower char yield of 13%.…”

Section: H Nmr Analysis Of Tt-based Benzoxazines (Ttp-bz)mentioning

confidence: 96%

Sustainable Strategies for Fully Biobased Polybenzoxazine Composites from Trifunctional Thymol and Biocarbons: Advancements in High-Dielectric and Antibacterial Corrosion Implementations

Krishnasamy,

Arumugam

et al. 2024

ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng.

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The present work deals with the development of a series of trifunctional, fully biobased, sustainable polybenzoxazine composites for diverse applications, viz., high-dielectric, antibacterial, and corrosion-resistant uses. Thymol-containing trifunctional phenol (TTP) and the corresponding benzoxazines were prepared, and the molecular structure was confirmed using different spectroscopic analyses. Cure behavior of TTP-benzoxazine resins was studied using differential scanning calorimetry. TTP and furfurylamine-based benzoxazine (TTP-ff) monomer was selected as binder matrix and was reinforced with chicken feather carbon (CFC) and cashew nut shell (cake/residue) carbon (CNSC). The value of dielectric constant of 15 wt % of CFC and CNSC separately filled poly(TTP-ff) composites possesses 8.69 and 8.91, respectively. It was also observed that the biobased benzoxazines exhibited substantial antibacterial activity, indicating their potential utility in materials requiring inherent resistance against microbial colonization. Also, the poly(TTP-od)-coated fabric exhibits the value of WIC of 163°, which is superhydrophobic in nature and possess the behavior of self-cleaning and water-repellent surfaces. The poly(TTP-ol) offers better protection of mild steel surfaces from corrosive environment. Flexural strength of polybenzoxazine and its composites were studied for mechanical stability. Results from different studies showed that the developed biobased polybenzoxazine composites in the present work exhibit good dielectric performance, antimicrobial activity, superhydrophobic behavior, and anticorrosion applications.

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“…9 Porous materials capable of introducing air are incorporated into PBZs using blending or copolymerization, such as polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) 10 and SBA-15. 11 Sun et al introduced epoxy double-decker silsesquioxane into bisphenol A-based PBZ, which could reduce the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss. 12 Macrocyclic compounds are a class of cyclic compounds with flexible conformations and adjustable cavity sizes, including crown ether, cyclodextrin, calixarene, and so on.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Yuan et al prepared a PBZ containing bulky tert‐butyl groups and low‐polarity siloxane chain to improve the thermal stability and low‐dielectric properties 9 . Porous materials capable of introducing air are incorporated into PBZs using blending or copolymerization, such as polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (POSS) 10 and SBA‐15 11 . Sun et al introduced epoxy double‐decker silsesquioxane into bisphenol A‐based PBZ, which could reduce the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss 12 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of polybenzoxazine/resorcinarene composites with low dielectric constants

Shao,

Yuan,

et al. 2023

Journal of Polymer Science

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A series of polybenzoxazine (PBZ)/resorcinarene composites with low dielectric constants were prepared by the thermal curing of a siloxane‐containing benzoxazine (P‐aptmds) with C‐methylcalix[4]resorcinarene (CMCR). CMCR with active hydroxyl groups could serve to lower the thermal curing temperature of P‐aptmds. The results of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that the peak exothermic temperature of P‐aptmds decreased from 262°C to 192°C. The introduction of CMCR increased the crosslinking density of the PBZ/CMCR composites and improved the thermal properties. Due to the incorporation of CMCR with macrocyclic structure, the dielectric constant and the dielectric loss of the PBZ/CMCR composite could be reduced to 2.63 and 0.0055 at 1 MHz, respectively. Moreover, the PBZ/CMCR composites possessed good hydrophobicity and low water absorption. This approach was expected to provide a facile design strategy of low dielectric composite materials.

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Synthesis and characterisation of cycloaliphatic and aromatic amines based cardanol benzoxazines: A comparative study

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Boron doped graphitic carbon nitride (BN‐g‐C₃N₄) and palm flower ash reinforced pyrimidinone core‐based polybenzoxazine composites for low‐k and high‐k applications

Boron doped graphitic carbon nitride (BN‐g‐C₃N₄) and palm flower ash reinforced pyrimidinone core‐based polybenzoxazine composites for low‐k and high‐k applications

Sustainable Strategies for Fully Biobased Polybenzoxazine Composites from Trifunctional Thymol and Biocarbons: Advancements in High-Dielectric and Antibacterial Corrosion Implementations

Preparation of polybenzoxazine/resorcinarene composites with low dielectric constants

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Synthesis and characterisation of cycloaliphatic and aromatic amines based cardanol benzoxazines: A comparative study

Cited by 15 publications

References 35 publications

Boron doped graphitic carbon nitride (BN‐g‐C3N4) and palm flower ash reinforced pyrimidinone core‐based polybenzoxazine composites for low‐k and high‐k applications

Boron doped graphitic carbon nitride (BN‐g‐C3N4) and palm flower ash reinforced pyrimidinone core‐based polybenzoxazine composites for low‐k and high‐k applications

Sustainable Strategies for Fully Biobased Polybenzoxazine Composites from Trifunctional Thymol and Biocarbons: Advancements in High-Dielectric and Antibacterial Corrosion Implementations

Preparation of polybenzoxazine/resorcinarene composites with low dielectric constants

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Product

Resources

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Boron doped graphitic carbon nitride (BN‐g‐C₃N₄) and palm flower ash reinforced pyrimidinone core‐based polybenzoxazine composites for low‐k and high‐k applications

Boron doped graphitic carbon nitride (BN‐g‐C₃N₄) and palm flower ash reinforced pyrimidinone core‐based polybenzoxazine composites for low‐k and high‐k applications