Although synthesis, reactivity, and
bonding of U(IV) and Th(IV)
complexes have been extensively studied, direct comparison of fully
analogous compounds is rare. Herein, we report corresponding complexes 1-U and 1-Th, in which U(IV) and Th(IV) are supported
by the tetradentate pyridine-decorated dianionic ligand N2NN′ (1,1,1-trimethyl-N-(2-(((pyridin-2-ylmethyl)(2-((trimethylsilyl)amino)benzyl)amino)methyl)phenyl)silanamine).
Although 1-U and 1-Th are structurally very
similar, they display disparate reactivities with TMS3SiK
(tris(trimethylsilyl)silylpotassium). The reaction of (N2NN′)UCl2 (1-U) and 1 equiv of TMS3SiK in THF unexpectedly formed [Cl(N2NN′)U]2O (2-U) featuring an unusual bent U–O–U
moiety. In contrast, a salt elimination reaction between (N2NN′)ThCl2 (1-Th) and 1 equiv of TMS3SiK led to thorium complex 2-Th, in which the
pyridyl group has undergone a 1,4-addition nucleophilic attack. Complex 2-Th serves as a synthon for preparing dimetallic bis-azide
complex 3-Th by reaction with NaN3. The complexes
were characterized by X-ray crystal diffraction, solution NMR, FT-IR,
and elemental analysis. Computations of the formation mechanism of 2-U from 1-U suggest reduced U(III) as a key
intermediate for promoting the cleavage of the C–O bonds of
THF. The inaccessible nature of Th(III) as an intermediate oxidation
state explains the very different reactivity of 1-Th versus 1-U. Given that reactants 1-U and 1-Th and products 2-U and 2-Th all comprise
tetravalent actinides, this is an unusual case of very disparate reactivity
despite no net change in the oxidation state. Complexes 2-U and 3-Th provide a basis for the synthesis of other
dinuclear actinide complexes with novel reactivity and properties.