Synthesis and characterization of a multifunctional gold-doxorubicin nanoparticle system for pH triggered intracellular anticancer drug release

Polyethylene Glycol-Coated Gold Nanoparticles as DNA and Atorvastatin Delivery Systems and Cytotoxicity Evaluation

“…However, the uncoated gold nanoparticles showed changes in the absorption spectra at a pH of 3 and less significance at 10 (Figures 3(b) and 3(c)); this red shift is due to the nanoparticle aggregation. These results confirm that polymer coating improves the stability of the nanoparticles, avoiding the aggregation at different pH conditions; this was also reported by Khutale and Casey [24] who used PEGylated gold nanoparticles as a doxorubicin release system. Stability tests could be used to show the behavior of nanoparticles in colloidal suspension at different pH conditions and salt environment, among other similar physiological conditions.…”

“…The synthetized gold nanoparticles were functionalized with polyethylene glycol (SH-PEG-NH 2 , MW 2 kDa, Dendritech Inc., USA) following the method reported by Khutale and Casey [24], where the thiol group of the polymer binds to the gold nanoparticles: in a 70 mL of 30 μM of AuNP solution, l mL of 1 μM SH-PEG-NH 2 solution was added; this mixture was stirred for 15 min at room temperature. Subsequently, the solution was stored at 4°C overnight to react.…”

Cytotoxic Activity of Varthemia Iphionoides Essential Oil Against Various Human Cancer Cell Lines

“…Then 100 µL of each cell type was cultured into each well of 96-well microtiter plates and incubated for 24 h. Addition of V. iphionoides essential oil dissolved in DMSO to the wells were completed in triplicate to a final concentration range from 400 µg/mL to 6.25 µg/mL in 2-fold serial dilutions and incubated at 37 O C, 5% CO 2 for 24 h. Two controls were used; one contained medium with the vehicle (0.1% DMSO) and cells and the other contained V. iphionoides oil and medium without cells to check the effect of background colors. Doxorubicin was used as a positive control (21). The test was performed according to the manufacturer guidelines.…”

Technobiology Paradigm in Nanomedicine: Treating Cancer with MagnetoElectric Nanoparticles

“…Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are one of the most widely used nanomaterial in the field of nanomedicine. The drug release mechanisms of AuNPs conjugated with mAb to adequately deliver the drug to a cell have been shown to rely highly on a physiological stimulus; i.e., internal stimuli such as the cells' pH level and intracellular enzymes; and external stimuli such as light and temperature (11)(12)(13). AuNPs have also been used in photothermal therapy to eradicate cancer cells; Due to the strong electric field at the surface of the noble metal, when the nanoparticles accumulate near the cancer site and irradiated with an external laser source (14,15), the absorption and scattering of the electromagnetic radiation producing enough heat to eradicate the surrounding tumor cells.…”

“…Current nanoparticle based drug delivery systems conjugated with mAbs indeed display novel properties; due to their unique sizes and shapes they help steer the drug loaded nanoparticles to specific targets while meeting a wide range of requirements for overcoming biological barriers throughout the circulatory system. However, they are also extremely inefficient due to their dependence on the cellular microenvironment and the cells' physiological condition for triggering drug delivery; Nanoparticles have been functionalized for triggered drug release through various means such as external applied temperatures (3,4), ultrasound (5), intracellular pH (6)(7)(8), and magnetic fields (9,10).…”