Synthesis and characterization of a catalytic membrane for pervaporation-assisted esterification reactors

Alkenes oligomerization with resin catalysts

“…Like other solid acids they are easily removed from the reaction mixture, with the possibility of subsequent regeneration and reutilization over prolonged periods [29][30][31][32][33][34][35]; waste generation [1] and equipment corrosion [31] are reduced; and selectivity is usually higher and tunable [30]. In the case of resins selectivity is partially due to matrix effects [32] and good results are generally found.…”

Esterification of adipic acid with methanol over Amberlyst 35

“…A variety of liquid-liquid equilibrium data sources are available in literature (Hung et al, 2006;Ince, 2005a,b;Ince and Kırbaslar, 2003;Stepheson and Stuart, 1986;Uusi-Penttila et al, 1996). While kinetics studies on the esterification of monocarboxylic acids with alcohols are plentiful (Ali and Merchand, 2009;Blagov et al, 2006;Calvar et al, 2007;Figueiredo et al, 2008;Grob and Hasse, 2006;Lee et al, 2000Lee et al, , 2002Lee et al, , 2005Lilja et al, 2002Lilja et al, , 2005Liu and Tan, 2001;Liu et al, 2006;Popken et al, 2000;Schmitt and Hasse, 2007), those of dibasic acids with alcohols over heterogeneous catalysts are rather limited (Kolah et al, 2008;Tsao et al, 1968;Yadav and Thathagar, 2002). In the present study, we investigated the kinetic behavior of esterification of adipic acid with methanol over strongly acidic cation-exchange resin beads, Amberlyst 35.…”

Pervaporation membrane reactors (PVMRs) for esterification

“…Therefore, the introduction of ion-exchange resins was a step forward (above all, Amberlyst 15 is widely used for these applications) (Benedict, Parulekar, & Tsai, 2003;Sanz & Gmehling, 2006;Benedict, Parulekar, & Tsai, 2006;De La Iglesia et al, 2007;Parulekar, 2007;Figueiredo et al, 2008;Roth, Lauterbach, Hoffmann, & Kreis, 2011). Therefore, the introduction of ion-exchange resins was a step forward (above all, Amberlyst 15 is widely used for these applications) (Benedict, Parulekar, & Tsai, 2003;Sanz & Gmehling, 2006;Benedict, Parulekar, & Tsai, 2006;De La Iglesia et al, 2007;Parulekar, 2007;Figueiredo et al, 2008;Roth, Lauterbach, Hoffmann, & Kreis, 2011).…”