Synthesis and characterization of activated carbon from the biomass of Saccharum bengalense for electrochemical supercapacitors

Rawal, Sangeeta; Joshi, Bhawana; Kumar, Yogesh

doi:10.1016/j.est.2018.10.009

Cited by 93 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Several sources of bio-waste such as animal, mineral, plant, and vegetables etc. have been reported in the literature as base materials for activated carbon production for application as an electrode material for electrochemical energy systems [86,[94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109]. Several types of electrodes have been tried and the most common systems today are built on the electrochemical double-layer capacitor that is carbon-based, has an organic electrolyte, and is easy to manufacture.…”

Section: Carbon From Bio-wastes As An Excellent Materials For Edlcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercapacitor Energy Storage Device Using Biowastes: A Sustainable Approach to Green Energy

et al. 2019

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The demand for renewable energy sources worldwide has gained tremendous research attention over the past decades. Technologies such as wind and solar have been widely researched and reported in the literature. However, economical use of these technologies has not been widespread due partly to cost and the inability for service during of-source periods. To make these technologies more competitive, research into energy storage systems has intensified over the last few decades. The idea is to devise an energy storage system that allows for storage of electricity during lean hours at a relatively cheaper value and delivery later. Energy storage and delivery technologies such as supercapacitors can store and deliver energy at a very fast rate, offering high current in a short duration. The past decade has witnessed a rapid growth in research and development in supercapacitor technology. Several electrochemical properties of the electrode material and electrolyte have been reported in the literature. Supercapacitor electrode materials such as carbon and carbon-based materials have received increasing attention because of their high specific surface area, good electrical conductivity and excellent stability in harsh environments etc. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in biomass-derived activated carbons as an electrode material for supercapacitor applications. The development of an alternative supercapacitor electrode material from biowaste serves two main purposes: (1) It helps with waste disposal; converting waste to a useful product, and (2) it provides an economic argument for the substantiality of supercapacitor technology. This article reviews recent developments in carbon and carbon-based materials derived from biowaste for supercapacitor technology. A comparison between the various storage mechanisms and electrochemical performance of electrodes derived from biowaste is presented.Sustainability 2019, 11, 414 2 of 22 renewable energy sources such as solar energy, geothermal energy, wind energy, biofuels, etc., while electrochemical energy storage devices such as supercapacitors, rechargeable batteries, etc. have also attracted significant research [9][10][11]. It is not an overstatement to say that successful development of any renewable energy source (e.g., windmills and solar cells), hybrid and electric vehicles and smart grids depend significantly upon the availability of a suitable energy storage system. A considerable amount of literature has been published on the use of supercapacitors as a viable storage device for renewable energy. Over 20,000 articles, books etc. were published in 2017, a higher number of research work is projected for 2018 (data from google scholar). There has been a geometric increase in the research published since the year 2000. Since supercapacitors were first experimented in 1957 by engineers at General Electric, they have found commercial applications in portable electronics, transportation and aerospace industry [12,13]. These applications of supercapacitors ...

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Section: Carbon From Bio-wastes As An Excellent Materials For Edlcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercapacitor Energy Storage Device Using Biowastes: A Sustainable Approach to Green Energy

et al. 2019

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“…Various precursors, such as cashew nut shell [ 111 ], cherry stones [ 100 , 104 ], Fox nut shell [ 101 ], grape stalk [ 102 ], palm shell [ 112 ], rice husk [ 113 ], sugar cane bagasse [ 114 ], ground coffee [ 99 ], willow leaves [ 115 ], corncob [ 103 ], chestnut shell [ 116 ], peanut shell [ 113 ], oak cups pulp [ 117 ] and hemicellulose [ 118 ] were used for this purpose. The obtained low-cost porous materials are mainly considered as adsorbents for removal of contaminants from water, but also there are attempts to use them as electrode material for supercapacitors [ 113 , 114 , 115 , 116 , 117 , 118 , 119 , 120 ]. Depending on the precursor and the activation process parameters, a wide range of activated carbons have been prepared by ZnCl 2 activation.…”

Section: Activation Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated Carbons and Their Evaluation in Electric Double Layer Capacitors

Kierzek

Gryglewicz

2020

Molecules

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This review presents a summary of the manufacturing of activated carbons (ACs) as electrode materials for electric double layer capacitors. Commonly used techniques of open and closed porosity determination (gas adsorption, immersion calorimetry, X-ray and neutrons scattering) were briefly described. AC production methods (laboratory and industrial) were detailed presented with the stress on advantages and drawbacks of each ones in the field of electrode materials of supercapacitor. We discussed all general parameters of the activation process and their influence on the production efficiency and the porous structure of ACs. We showed that porosity development of ACs is not the only factor influencing capacity properties. The role of pore size distribution, raw material origin, final carbon structure ordering, particles morphology and purity must be also taken into account. The impact of surface chemistry of AC was considered not only in the context of pseudocapacity but also other important factors, such as inter-particle conductivity, maximal operating voltage window and long-term stability.

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“…Hal ini disebabkan oleh partikel karbon terpecah menjadi bagian yang lebih kecil (Sun et al, 2016). Struktur pori yang bagus dapat memudahkan ion-ion elektrolit untuk berdifusi pada permukaan karbon (Rawal et al 2018 Pengotor yang hilang tersebut mengindikasikan bahwa pori karbon yang dihasilkan setelah proses aktivasi tidak lagi tertutupi, sehingga akan menghasilkan pori yang besar dengan diameter pori yang besar pula (Aziz et al, 2017). Hal ini berhubungan dengan luas permukaan dari data BET (Tabel 2) yang diberikan ternyata luas permukaan dari proses aktivasi dengan variasi karbon 1:5 memberikan nilai yang paling besar dibandingkan yang lainnya.…”

Section: Hasil Penelitianunclassified

“…Elektroda yang mempunyai luas permukaan tinggi akan mempengaruhi nilai kapasitansi spesifik dari sel superkapasitor. Elektroda karbon aktif dengan luas permukaan yang tinggi akan meningkatkan nilai kapasitansi spesifik dari sel superkapasitornya (Rawal et al, 2018).…”

Section: Hasil Penelitianunclassified

Effect of KOH Activator on the Performance of Activated Carbon from Oil Palm Kernel Shell as Supercapacitor Electrode Material

Perdana¹,

Joni²,

Emriadi³

et al. 2020

J. Aceh Phys. Soc.

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Karbon aktif dari cangkang kelapa sawit sebagai bahan elektroda superkapasitor telah diteliti. Superkapasitor dirangkai dengan metoda plat/sandwich yang dipisahkan oleh separator. Untuk mendapatkan nilai kapasitansi yang besar dilakukan variasi jumlah aktivator terhadap karbon menggunakan aktivator KOH. Sifat fisikokimia dari karbon aktif diteliti dengan melakukan karakterisasi menggunakan XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), SEM-EDX (Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray) dan SAA (Surface Area Analyzer) dan sifat elektrokimianya diteliti dengan pengukuran CV (Cyclic Voltammetry). Karbon aktif dengan perbandingan 1:5 memiliki luas permukaan yang paling besar yaitu 793,326 m2/g dan nilai kapasitansi spesifik tertinggi yaitu 99,151 F/g. The activated carbon from oil palm kernel shell as an electrode material for supercapacitors has been investigated. The supercapasitor was assembled by plate/sandwich methods. Both electrodes were separated by using a separator. To increase the capacitancy value, variations in the number of activators on carbon were carried out using KOH activator. The physicochemical properties of activated carbon were investigated by characterizing using XRD (X-Ray Diffraction), SEM-EDX (Scanning Electron Microscopy-Energy Dispersive X-Ray) and SAA (Surface Area Analyzer) and the electrochemical properties were investigated by measuring CV (Cyclic Voltammetry). Activated carbon with a ratio of 1:5 has the largest surface area of 793,326 m2/g and the highest specific capacitance value is 99,151 F/g.Keywords: activated carbon, supercapasitor, activator, surface area, specific capacitance

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Synthesis and characterization of activated carbon from the biomass of Saccharum bengalense for electrochemical supercapacitors

Cited by 93 publications

References 35 publications

Supercapacitor Energy Storage Device Using Biowastes: A Sustainable Approach to Green Energy

Supercapacitor Energy Storage Device Using Biowastes: A Sustainable Approach to Green Energy

Activated Carbons and Their Evaluation in Electric Double Layer Capacitors

Effect of KOH Activator on the Performance of Activated Carbon from Oil Palm Kernel Shell as Supercapacitor Electrode Material

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