Synthesis and Characterization of an Electroluminescent Polyester Containing the Ru(II) Complex

Lee, Jin‐Kyu; Yoo, and Dongsik; Rubner, Michael F.

doi:10.1021/cm970149i

Cited by 106 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…LEC materials can be either conjugated light-emitting polymers or ionic transition-metal complexes, the related devices are termed polymer-LECs (PLECs) [26,30] or iTMCLECs, [27][28][29][31][32][33][34] respectively. Both types of LECs have been studied for over 15 years, [26,27] throughout which many materials, device concepts, and driving schemes have been tested.…”

Section: Lecs: Mechanism Of Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is clearly a formidable obstacle for most practical applications, which require instantaneous response. [31,32] In the first ten years of activity on LECs, only few reports targeted the improvement of t on , [31,32] which were typically achieved by applying higher driving voltages. [27,33,108] These voltages are provided continuously or, alternatively, initial sequences of high-voltage pulses followed by constant lower bias, once sufficient luminance is reached, are applied.…”

Section: Lecs Based On Ir-itmcs: Recent Advancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[26,30] The second type is even simpler as it uses an ionic emitter that enables single-component devices; this type of LECs is referred to as iTMCLECs. [24,[27][28][29][31][32][33][34] This Review illustrates the fundamentals of LEC technology, focuses on the most promising luminescent materials for iTMC-LECs, particularly ionic Ir III complexes, and highlights the latest achievements and remaining challenges of iTMC-LECs in the frame of the rapidly developing area of lighting technologies.…”

Section: Introduction: Lighting the Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Luminescent Ionic Transition‐Metal Complexes for Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells

Costa¹,

Ortı́²,

Bolink³

et al. 2012

Angew Chem Int Ed

898

1,107

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Higher efficiency in the end-use of energy requires substantial progress in lighting concepts. All the technologies under development are based on solid-state electroluminescent materials and belong to the general area of solid-state lighting (SSL). The two main technologies being developed in SSL are light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), but in recent years, light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) have emerged as an alternative option. The luminescent materials in LECs are either luminescent polymers together with ionic salts or ionic species, such as ionic transition-metal complexes (iTMCs). Cyclometalated complexes of Ir(III) are by far the most utilized class of iTMCs in LECs. Herein, we show how these complexes can be prepared and discuss their unique electronic, photophysical, and photochemical properties. Finally, the progress in the performance of iTMCs based LECs, in terms of turn-on time, stability, efficiency, and color is presented.

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Section: Lecs: Mechanism Of Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Lecs Based On Ir-itmcs: Recent Advancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introduction: Lighting the Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Luminescent Ionic Transition‐Metal Complexes for Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells

Costa¹,

Ortı́²,

Bolink³

et al. 2012

Angew Chem Int Ed

898

1,107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The data, shown in Figure 4, indicate that selfquenching increases with dendrimer generation, by as much as a factor of 2 in going from the generation 1 dendrimer to the generation 3 dendrimer. Overall, the dendrimers show a similar degree of self-quenching with the model compound [Ru-(bpy) 3 ] +2 . The degree of self-quenching depends chiefly on the distance between the chromophores, which depends on the precise configuration of the dendrimers which is not exactly known.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…26,44,45 The use of these systems in OLEDs allows us to further elucidate what roles the concentration and density of the chromophore play in transport and luminescence. They also allow us to determine what effect the supramolecular architecture has on device performance and to gain further information on the role that the dendrimer structure plays on the photophysics of [Ru(bpy) 3 ] +2 in a solid-state environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroluminescence in Ruthenium(II) Dendrimers

Barron¹,

Bernhard²,

Houston³

et al. 2003

J. Phys. Chem. A

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We have investigated the electroluminescent properties of polyamidoamine dendrimers containing pendant [Ru(bpy) 3 ] +2 chromophores. Devices were made using indium tin oxide (ITO) and gold electrodes, and they were compared to devices made from [Ru(bpy) 3 ]+2 films. The turn-on time, steady-state current, and electroluminescence efficiency were analyzed in order to provide information about the ionic and electronic carrier mobilities and the degree of self-quenching of luminescence in these materials.

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Thin-Film Light-Emitting Devices Based on Sequentially Adsorbed Multilayers of Water-Soluble Poly(p-phenylene)s

Baur¹,

et al. 1998

Self Cite

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The discovery that conjugated polymers can be utilized as efficient emitters in thin-film electroluminescent devices has created a flurry of research effort over the past few years. [1] Current efforts have produced devices with high quantum efficiencies (1±4 %) and brightness, respectable lifetimes, and the full spectrum of colors, including white light. [2] While poly(phenylenevinylene) (PPV) and its derivatives are the most well-studied conjugated polymers for use in light-emitting devices; poly(p-phenylene) (PPP) based molecules have also received attention as emitting materials. [3±9] Due to its large bandgap, PPP has the desired quality of emitting in the blue region of the spectrum, which is not easily achieved with other conjugated polymers. However, because of the poor processibility of PPP in its underivatized form, previous workers have synthesized PPP ladder±type polymers with chemical bridging units between phenylene rings [10] as well as ring-functionalized PPPs [11] to promote solubility. The planar laddertype structures often have to be carefully manipulated to avoid the formation of molecular aggregates, which can lead to a red-shifted component of the photoluminescence. [12] Recently, one of us synthesized polyanionic and polycationic versions of PPP that are soluble in water, do not contain bridging units, and do not red-shift from their blue photoluminescence. [13±15] Because of their charged nature and related water solubility, these molecules also have the added advantage that they can be processed at the molecular level by the extremely versatile layer-by-layer sequential adsorption technique.The layer-by-layer sequential adsorption technique has been shown to produce uniform thin films with molecularlevel thickness control. [16] This technique is based on the alternating adsorption of a positively charged molecule and a negatively charged molecule to form a bilayer building block. By repeating this adsorption cycle, a film can be made with a thickness that is determined by the thickness of the individual bilayers (typically 10±60 for polyelectrolytes) and the total number of bilayers adsorbed. Furthermore, by adjusting simple solution parameters such as the amount of added salt [17,18] and the solution pH, [19] the thickness, composition and layer interpenetration of the bilayer building block can be systematically varied. Because of the technique's flexibility and ease of use, multilayer sequential adsorption has been successfully carried out with a variety of charged molecules, both organic and inorganic. [20] Within our research group, the ability to readily construct complex multilayer heterostructures and control electrode interfaces via the sequential adsorption technique, has been exploited with films containing PPV to both optimize and understand the operation of light-emitting thin-film devices. [21,22] More recent work has focused on an optimization of the device performance of PPV and polymeric tris(bipyridyl) ruthenium(II)±containing multilayers through manipulation...

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Synthesis and Characterization of an Electroluminescent Polyester Containing the Ru(II) Complex

Cited by 106 publications

References 20 publications

Luminescent Ionic Transition‐Metal Complexes for Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells

Luminescent Ionic Transition‐Metal Complexes for Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Cells

Electroluminescence in Ruthenium(II) Dendrimers

Thin-Film Light-Emitting Devices Based on Sequentially Adsorbed Multilayers of Water-Soluble Poly(p-phenylene)s

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