Synthesis and characterization of bioactive glass coated forsterite scaffold for tissue engineering applications

Bioceramic-based scaffolds with antibacterial function for bone tissue engineering: A review

“… Released ions Antibacterial mechanisms Bacteria used for antibacterial assays Ref. Alkali and alkaline earth ions CaO–P 2 O 5 –SiO 2 –RbO MBG scaffold; Forsterite scaffold Ca 2+ , Na + , Mg 2+ , Rb + Inducing the increase of solution pH and osmotic pressure S. aureus , E. coli , S. epidermidis, P. aeruginosa [ 30 , [57] , [58] , [59] , [60] , [61] , [62] ] Heavy metal ions Ag@rGO modified β-TCP scaffold Ag + Inducing ROS; Breaking bacterial cell membranes S. aureus , E.coli, Bacillus subtills [ 19 , 35 , [63] , [64] , [65] , [66] , [67] , [68] , [69] , [70] , [71] , [72] , [73] , [74] ] PCL/SiO 2 –CaO–P 2 O 5 –ZnO MBG scaffold Zn 2+ Destabilizing membrane and enhancing permeability; Deactivating nucleic acids and enzymes; Killing bacterial by inducing ROS E. coli , S. aureus [ [75] , [76] , [77] , [78] , [79] , [80] , [81] ] SiO 2 –CaO–P 2 O ...…”

“…New bioglass scaffolds composed of SiO 2 –P 2 O 5 –CaO–Na 2 O–SrO–F or SiO 2 –Na 2 O–Al 2 O 3 –CaO–B 2 O 3 were also demonstrated to have good antibacterial properties [ 58 , 59 ]. In addition, due to its excellent antibacterial property, high osteogenetic activity and mechanical strength, forsterite (Mg 2 SiO 4 ) scaffold has become one of the ideal materials in bone repair [ 61 , 62 ]. The possible antibacterial mechanism was that alkaline ions released from these scaffolds increased the solution pH and osmotic pressure, resulting in cell membrane depolarization and bacterial mortality [ [58] , [59] , [60] , [61] , [62] ].…”

“…In addition, due to its excellent antibacterial property, high osteogenetic activity and mechanical strength, forsterite (Mg 2 SiO 4 ) scaffold has become one of the ideal materials in bone repair [ 61 , 62 ]. The possible antibacterial mechanism was that alkaline ions released from these scaffolds increased the solution pH and osmotic pressure, resulting in cell membrane depolarization and bacterial mortality [ [58] , [59] , [60] , [61] , [62] ]. Although certain bioceramics have inherent antibacterial capabilities, future research is hampered by their limited antibacterial properties.…”

Forsterite-hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds with photothermal antibacterial activity for bone repair

“…However, the relatively poor bioactivity of forsterite would affect its osteogenesis ability [14]. To address this issue, an efficient strategy is developed to modify the surface of forsterite scaffolds with bioactive materials, which could stimulate cell responses of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) including cell adhesion, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation, thereby promoting bone repair [15,16].…”

Graphene Oxide Encapsulated Forsterite Scaffolds: Synergistic Influences on Mechanical Properties and Antibacterial Behavior 

“…Forsterite ceramics showed a dramatic increase in fracture toughness (K IC = 2.4 MPa m 1/2 ) in comparison with hydroxyapatite and bioactive glass (BG) for bone implants applications 8 . Therefore, forsterite is an appropriate choice for both high load-bearing and hard tissue regeneration uses 9 . Multiple studies have shown that employing nano-scale materials can dramatically boost their physicochemical characteristics throughout the past.…”