Synthesis and Characterization of Electrochemical Sensor Based on Polymeric /TiO2Nanocomposite Modified with Imidizolium Ionic Liquid for Determination of Diclofenac

Abstract

A novel, simple and sensitive polymeric nanocomposite electrochemical sensor based on polymeric / TiO2 nanoparticles mixed with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium Chloride [BMIM]Cl ionic liquid and coated with a polymeric layer of poly(3, 4-ethylene-dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was fabricated for diclofenac sodium (DCF) determination. The morphology and composition of the polymeric nanocomposite was characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy equipped with energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were also used. The cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and electrochemical impedance (EIS) spectra were recorded. All results sustained the electrochemical enhancement for the polymeric nanocomposite sensor, which ascribed to the beneficial effect of both TiO2 nanoparticles and Imidazolium ionic liquid with the conducting behavior of the polymeric layer. Where, the peak currents for (DCF) at PEDOT/TiO2/[BMIM]Cl/CPE show a great enhancement with a linear response in the concentration range from 5.010 6 1.010 4 mol L-1. The limit of detection (LOD) was found to be 1.17×10-8 mol L-1. Additionally, high selectivity of the polymeric nanocomposite sensor was noticed in presence of high concentration of ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA). Finally, the modified sensor was successfully applied for determination of (DCF) in its pure form, pharmaceutical samples of Voltic tablets and in urine samples with good agreement between the added and recovery.

Selective Detection of Dopamine at the AACVD Synthesized Palladium Nanoparticles and Understanding the Sensing Mechanism through Electrochemical and Computational Study

“…× molecular weight of Pd(OAc) 2 × 1000 [11] The estimated PdNP loading amount was obtained to be 5.39 × 10 −5 mg/cm 2 . The inset of Figure 6E shows the DPV responses for TFPdNP_ITO electrode in DA solution (a), and after it was removed from the DA solution to a blank 0.1 M PBS solution (b-d).…”

“…3,6,7 Electrochemical techniques are one of the most applied processes for various types of analytical purposes. 6,[10][11][12][13][14][15][16] The key advantages offered by the EATs are the ease of preparation of electrocatalysts and the ease of use, cost and time effectiveness, and high sensitivity with selectivity. 3,4,8,9 Moreover, employing different EATs like amperometry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV) etc.…”

Nanomaterials as catalysts for the sensitive and selective determination of diclofenac

“…Composite films with other materials, such as conducting polymers, ionic liquids, CNTs, MNPs, etc , are attractive materials for developing electrochemical sensors. A new sensor based on titanium oxide nanoparticles with ionic liquid [BMIM]Cl and coated by polymer (PEDOT) was developed for sensitive electrochemical determination of DCF [ 30 ]. The fabricated electrochemical platform based on PEDOT/TiO 2 /[BMIM]Cl/CPE, combined with the DPV technique, exhibits a linear current response in the concentration range from 5 to 100 μM, LOD of 11.7 nM, and LOQ of 39.1 μM, respectively.…”

An overview of recent developments of carbon-based sensors for the analysis of drug molecules

“…Diclofenac (DCF), commonly designated as voltaren, is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug taken to reduce inflammation and pain [74]. It is commonly given in clinical medication for the treatment of tuberculosis, urinary tract infection and menstrual pains [75].…”