Synthesis and characterization of fully rodlike poly(4,4?-biphenylene pyromellitimide)s with various short side groups

Pyo, S. M.; Kim, S. I.; Shin, Tae Joo; Park, Y. H.; Ree, M.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-0518(19990401)37:7<937::aid-pola10>3.0.co;2-i

Cited by 42 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…In fact, the tendency toward enhanced in-plane chain orientation in a film increases both with decreasing film thickness as well as increasing polymer chain rigidity (Pyo et al, 1999;Ree et al, 1992;Ree et al, 1994;Ree et al, 1997). These trends would lead one to expect much larger n f values for the C-PNME films of thickness <60 nm than for the R-PNBE films of thickness <30 nm; however, the opposite was observed in our results.…”

Section: Figurecontrasting

confidence: 71%

Structural analysis of thin films of novel polynorbornene derivatives by grazing incidence X-ray scattering and specular X-ray reflectivity along with ellipsometry

Lee¹,

Byun²,

Jin³

et al. 2006

J Appl Cryst

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In the present study, structural analyses using synchrotron grazing incidence Xray scattering, specular reflectivity and ellipsometry were performed on thin films of two novel polynorbornene derivatives, chiral poly(norbornene acid methyl ester) and racemic poly(norbornene acid n-butyl ester), which are potential low dielectric constant materials for advanced microelectronic and display applications. These analyses provided important information on the structure, electron density gradient across the film thickness, chain orientation, refractive index and thermal expansion characteristics of the polymers in substrate-supported thin films. The structural characteristics and properties of the thin films depended on the tacticity of the polymer chain and were further influenced by the film thickness and thermal annealing history.

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Section: Figurecontrasting

confidence: 71%

Structural analysis of thin films of novel polynorbornene derivatives by grazing incidence X-ray scattering and specular X-ray reflectivity along with ellipsometry

Lee¹,

Byun²,

Jin³

et al. 2006

J Appl Cryst

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“…8,89,90,[132][133][134] Such high property performances are achievable from fully rodlike poly(p-phenylene pyromellitimide) (PMDA-PDA PI) and poly(4,4'-biphenylene pyromellitimide) (PMDA-BZ PI), so that they are so attractive to both industry and academia. However, they are very brittle and further their dielectric constants are not low enough, so that they are practically useless.…”

Section: Pi Dielectricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, there still is a big challenge to improve their brittleness and dielectric constant with retaining the high moduli. Attempts to improve such drawbacks with a little sacrifice of the high modulus have been made in two different ways: (i) incorporation of short side groups into the polymer backbone [89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][97][98][99] and (ii) insertion of proper linkages into the polymer backbone. 6 There are two options in incorporating short side groups into the polymer rod.…”

Section: Pi Dielectricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…89,[94][95][96][97][98][99] And, some benzidine (BZ) derivatives with short side groups are also available: 2,2'-bis(methyl)benzidine (MEBZ), 2,2'-bis(methoxy)benzidine (MEOBZ), 2,2'-bis (fluoro) benzidine (FBZ), 2,2'-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzidine (CF3BZ), 3,3'-hydroxy-4,4'-diaminobiphenyl (HAB), and o-tolidine (TDI). 90,92,95,135 On the other hand, several research groups 91,93,100-103 have attempted to incorporate short side groups into pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA). As results of their efforts, some PMDA derivatives are available from only those research groups: 3,6-dimethyloxypyromellitic dianhydride (DMEOPMDA), 1-trifluoromethyl-2,3,5,6-benzenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (CF3DAN), and 1,4-bis(trifluoromethyl)-2,3,5,6-benzenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (DCF3DAN).…”

Section: Pi Dielectricsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High performance polyimides for applications in microelectronics and flat panel displays

2006

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Polyimides (PIs) exhibit excellent thermal stability, mechanical, dielectric, and chemical resistance properties due to their heterocyclic imide rings and aromatic rings on the backbone. Due to these advantageous properties, PIs have found diverse applications in industry. Most PIs are insoluble because of the nature of the high chemical resistance. Thus, they are generally used as a soluble precursor polymer, which forms complexes with solvent molecules, and then finally converts to the corresponding polyimides via imidization reaction. This complexation with solvent has caused severe difficulty in the characterization of the precursor polymers. However, significant progress has recently been made on the detailed characterization of PI precursors and their imidization reaction. On the other hand, much research effort has been exerted to reduce the dielectric constant of PIs, as demanded in the microelectronics industry, through chemical modifications, as well as to develop high performance, light-emitting PIs and liquid crystal (LC) alignment layer PIs with both rubbing and rubbing-free processibility, which are desired in the flat-panel display industry. This article reviews this recent research progresses in characterizing PIs and their precursors and in developing low dielectric constant, light-emitting, and LC alignment layer PIs.

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“…[3] In addition, broad diffraction peaks (not shown) are observed at 16.1° and 24.2°, which are assigned to the lateral order of uniaxially oriented polyimide chains and amorphous halo, respectively. [ 11 ] Figs.3 and 4 show the cross sectional TEM micrographs of a film prepared under nitrogen. An Au-dispersed film was sectioned along the two directions; parallel (MD, Fig.3) and perpendicular (TD, Fig.4) to the drawing direction.…”

Section: Polarized Atr-ir Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Characterization, and Optical Properties of Uniaxially Drawn and Gold Nanoparticle Dispersed Fluorinated Polyimide Films.

Koizumi

Matsuda

Ando

2002

J. Photopol. Sci. Technol.

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Gold-nanoparticle dispersed fluorinated Polyimide films were prepared by thermal curing and uniaxially drawing of poly(amic acid) films containing hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate (HAuC14•3H2O) as a dopant. The chemical states, crystallinity, average sizes, and spatial distribution of the gold particles were examined, and the optical and thermal properties of the films were compared with those of the host-polyimide. The gold salt was converted into zero-valent gold particles having high crystallinity after thermal imidization. TEM micrograph showed that the precipitated gold nanoparticles inside the films are larger than those in the surface area, and they have well-defined lozenge or rectangular shapes, which suggest pressed octahedron or rectangular parallelepiped structures of the crystallites. In addition, their long axes are oriented along the drawing direction and the surface direction. The films show much higher absorption in the visible region than the host-polyimide, which is due to the surface plasmon absorption of gold nanoparticles. In addition, significant anisotropy in optical transmittance are observed for the Au-dispersed films. This supports the orientation of precipitated gold nanoparticles having anisotropic shapes along the drawing direction.

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Synthesis and characterization of fully rodlike poly(4,4?-biphenylene pyromellitimide)s with various short side groups

Cited by 42 publications

References 38 publications

Structural analysis of thin films of novel polynorbornene derivatives by grazing incidence X-ray scattering and specular X-ray reflectivity along with ellipsometry

Structural analysis of thin films of novel polynorbornene derivatives by grazing incidence X-ray scattering and specular X-ray reflectivity along with ellipsometry

High performance polyimides for applications in microelectronics and flat panel displays

Synthesis, Characterization, and Optical Properties of Uniaxially Drawn and Gold Nanoparticle Dispersed Fluorinated Polyimide Films.

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