Synthesis and Characterization of N-(2-azidoethyl) Alkylnitramines

Recent advances in the synthesis and properties of energetic plasticizers

“…To reduce the mechanical sensitivities of PNAN, three new AENAs plasticizers (Me-AENA, Et-AENA and Bu-AENA) were prepared by replacing the ethyl nitrate group in PNAN with different alkyl groups (Scheme 2). 20 The densities of Me-AENA, Et-AENA and Bu-AENA are 1.34 g cm À3 , 1.32 g cm À3 and 1.21 g cm À3 , respectively, and they are all insensitive to mechanical stimuli (H 50 4 320.0 cm, FS = 0.0%). Due to the existence of an unstable nitramine group, they still exhibit relatively low thermostability with thermal decomposition temperatures of 180 1C, 178 1C and 167 1C, respectively.…”

“…It was found to be sensitive to impact (6.8 cm, 2.5 kg hammer), though it is Scheme 2 Synthetic routes of PNAN, Me-AENA, Et-AENA and Bu-AENA (green color regions represent structural differences). 19,20 insensitive to friction (436.7 kg). The decomposition temperature of AMDNNM is 197 1C, much lower than that (246 1C) of DAENP.…”

Novel Geminal Dinitro Esters As Energetic Plasticizers for GAP Binder

“…To respond to environmental concerns and safety issues, much effort has been devoted to the design and synthesize novel insensitive energetic plasticizers (EPs). Insensitive energetic plasticizers, such as bis­(2,2-dinitropropyl) formal/acetal (BDNPF/A) and N -butyl nitroxyethyl nitramine (BuNENA), have been developed and used worldwide in previous military weapons and equipment. − However, along with increasing the energy level elevation of insensitive explosives, the relatively high glass transition temperatures ( T g ) of these reported insensitive plasticizers including BDNPF/A and BuNENA limited their further applications (Scheme ). Therefore, to design and synthesize novel energetic plasticizers with very low T g and moderate energy properties becomes the keen concerns in the field of energetic materials.…”