Synthesis and Characterization of Nanostructured Ceramic Powders of Calcium Phosphate and Hydroxyapatite for Dental Applications

Abstract

In the last decades many investigations have been oriented toward the development of nanostructured biomaterials such as calcium phosphate ceramics, particularly those composed of stoicheiometric hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) and a-and β- tricalcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2), which present chemical and crystallographic similarities with hard tissues (bones and teeth). Because of these characteristics, these materials can be used for reconstitution and regeneration of bone tissues. The odontological and biomedical applications are still limited due to their brittle behaviour. This study was focused in the synthesis and characterization of a bone matrix of calcium phosphate (β-TCP) and hydroxyapatite (HAP-101 e HAp-201). The results presented here are related to the morphological characterization of nanostructured powders from scanning electron microscopy viewpoint. X-ray diffraction was used to identifier the present phases in the powders and the infrared spectrometry (FTIR) was used to analyse OH bonds from hydroxyapatite and PO4 from calcium phosphates.

Morphological and thermal characterization of zirconia/hydroxyapatite composites prepared via sol-gel for biomedical applications

“…Several crystalline phases have been identified in Fig. 7a, whose main ones are hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphate [51], along with small amount of calcium oxide [52]. Similarly to what observed for the composite materials treated at 600°C, also for those treated at 1000°C it is evident that crystallinity decreases with increasing the content of Z, being the intensities and the sharpness of peaks in plot d (related to Z90HAp10) significantly smoothed.…”

Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite/TiO<SUB>2</SUB>n Nanocomposites for Bone Tissue Regeneration

“…Nanostructured biomaterials are an innovation and can offer mechanical, electric, magnetic, chemical, optical and biological features superior than conventional biomaterials with micrometric microstructures [1]. Nanostructured biomaterials composed of Ca/P, calcium phosphates and nanocomposites, and mixtures of calcium phosphates with Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 and TiO 2 n, are being widely researched and show promising traumatologic, orthopedic and dental applications, e.g., for defect repair, bone tissue regeneration, implant fixation and tooth remineralization [2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. The literature describes different techniques and methods used in the synthesis of nanoparticulate powders and nanocomposite biomaterials [9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Incorporation of Carboplatin in Microporous Granular Calcium Phosphate Biphasic Matrix

“…They have also shown to be promising as matrices for controlled localized drug delivery [1]. This is due to their characteristics of non-toxicity and crystallographic compatibility and similarity with the human skeleton apatite [2]- [5]. The calcium phosphate bioceramics are targeted by tissue and material engineering, which is associated with the possibility of producing biomaterials with microporous architectures and physical, chemical and mechanical properties similar to the structure of bone tissue [6].…”