Synthesis and characterization of new nanocomposite TBA-PW 11 Ni@NiO as an efficient and reusable heterogeneous catalyst in oxidative desulphurization of gasoline

Mirsadri

2020

Applied Organom Chemis

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Sulfur‐containing compounds are responsible for much air pollution, and therefore eliminating these compounds is of importance. Herein, a hybrid organic–inorganic recyclable nanocatalyst (TBA‐PW11Ni@PANI) was synthesized successfully to investigate its effects on the catalytic oxidative desulfurization (CODS) process of real gasoline/model fuel. To this end, the Keggin‐based mono‐lacunary polyoxometalate [PW11NiO39] was prepared and modified with quaternary cation tetrabutylammonium (TBA). Then, this was further immobilized on polyaniline (PANI) via the sol–gel method. The synthesized nanocomposite was characterized using various techniques. The high dispersion of polyoxometalate on PANI was confirmed. Also, it was found that the crystalline structure remained unaltered after immobilization. In addition, the effects of various parameters such as dosage and temperature on the CODS of model fuel in the presence of H2O2–acetic acid (1:2 v/v) were studied in detail. Moreover, the kinetics of the CODS process was also studied and a mechanism proposed. According to the results, TBA‐PW11Ni@PANI showed an efficiency of up to 97% with 0.1 g at 35°C (optimum values) which implies its good catalytic functionality in the CODS process. Finally, the TBA‐PW11Ni@PANI catalyst displayed long‐term stability and good reusability after five runs.

D = \frac{Kλ}{β \cos θ}

where D is the size of the crystal, K is equal to 0.89, λ is X‐ray wavelength (0.15406 nm), β is the full peak width at half maximum and θ is half of the diffraction angle (2 θ = 1.54°).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and characterization of new hybrid inorganic–organic polymer nanocomposite as efficient catalyst for oxidative desulfurization of real fuel

Mirsadri

2020

Applied Organom Chemis

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“…Cross‐linking can take place between free amino and hydroxyl groups of CST and active sides of substances such as POMs . Also, nickel oxide (NiO) particles are very popular in the coatings for the catalysis because of its high specific capacitance, environmental friendly inherent, practical accessibility, and low cost …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile synthesis of inorganic–organic Fe₂W₁₈Fe₄@NiO@CTS hybrid nanocatalyst induced efficient performance in oxidative desulfurization of real fuel

Maleki

2019

Applied Organom Chemis

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In this work, a new nanocatalyst, Fe2W18Fe4@NiO@CTS, was synthesized by the reaction of sandwich‐type polyoxometalate (Fe2W18Fe4), nickel oxide (NiO), and chitosan (CTS) via sol–gel method. The assembled nanocatalyst was systematically characterized by FT‐IR, UV–vis, XRD, SEM, and EDX analysis. The catalytic activity of Fe2W18Fe4@NiO@CTS was tested on oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of real gasoline and model fuels. The experimental results revealed that the levels of sulfur content and mercaptan compounds of gasoline were lowered with 97% efficiency. Also, the Fe2W18Fe4@NiO@CTS nanocatalyst demonstrated an outstanding catalytic performance for the oxidation of dibenzothiophene (DBT) in the model fuel. The major factors that influence the desulfurization efficiency and the kinetic study of the ODS reactions were fully detailed and discussed. The probable ODS pathway was proposed via the electrophilic mechanism on the basis of the electrophilic characteristic of the metal‐oxo‐peroxo intermediates. The prepared nanocatalyst could be reused for 5 successive runs without any appreciable loss in its catalytic activity. As a result, the current study suggested the potential application of the Fe2W18Fe4@NiO@CTS hybrid nanocatalyst as an ideal candidate for removal of sulfur compounds from fuel.

“…In Table , the Arrhenius plots and the calculated E a values for the oxidation of DBT, BT, and Th were 44.364, 45.419, and 51.560 kJ mol −1 , respectively (Figure ) that the values were compared with that of other ODS system reported in the previous literature .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…For sulfur elimination from model at the same temperature, oxidation reactivity was in the order of DBT > BT > Th due to the much lower electron density of sulfur atom in Th compared with those in DBT and BT. In other words, the oxidation efficiency of sulfur containing compounds increased with the increase of the aromatic p‐electron density . The influence of various time and temperature condition on desulfurization system of model and real gasoline were reported in Figure .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Oxidative desulfurization of gasoline catalyzed by IMID@PMA@CS nanocomposite as a high‐performance amphiphilic nanocatalyst

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

Shaterian

Aghbolagh

et al. 2018

A new organic–inorganic hybrid phase transfer‐type nanocatalyst (IMID@PMA@CS) was successfully prepared by modification of H3PMo12O40 (PMA) with imidazolium bromide C3N2H5Br (IMIDBr) and immobilized on chitosan polymer via sol–gel method under oil‐bath condition at room temperature. The incorporation of the materials was confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis), X‐ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) characterization methods. Catalytic activity of synthesized nanocomposite was tested on the oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of model sulfur compounds and real gasoline in the presence of H2O2/CH3COOH as an oxidant and acetonitrile as an extraction solvent in different conditions. Additionally, kinetic studies were carried out and activation energy for oxidation of sulfur compounds was determined. The excellent reusability of the heterogeneous IMID@PMA@CS composite was achieved in five cycles. It is believed that the present IMID@PMA@CS/CH3COOH/H2O2 system can be a convenient strategy for lowering the sulfur content of gasoline fuel under moderate reaction conditions. © 2018 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 1901–1907, 2018