Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(Vinyl Alcohol)-Chitosan-Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds: A Promising Alternative for Bone Tissue Regeneration

Abstract

Scaffolds can be considered as one of the most promising treatments for bone tissue regeneration. Herein, blends of chitosan, poly(vinyl alcohol), and hydroxyapatite in different ratios were used to synthesize scaffolds via freeze-drying. Mechanical tests, FTIR, swelling and solubility degree, DSC, morphology, and cell viability were used as characterization techniques. Statistical significance of the experiments was determined using a two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with p < 0.05. Crosslinked and plasticized scaffolds absorbed five times more water than non-crosslinked and plasticized ones, which is an indicator of better hydrophilic features, as well as adequate resistance to water without detriment of the swelling potential. Indeed, the tested mechanical properties were notably higher for samples which were undergone to crosslinking and plasticized process. The presence of chitosan is determinant in pore formation and distribution which is an imperative for cell communication. Uniform pore size with diameters ranging from 142 to 519 µm were obtained, a range that has been described as optimal for bone tissue regeneration. Moreover, cytotoxicity was considered as negligible in the tested conditions, and viability indicates that the material might have potential as a bone regeneration system.

(PVA/Chitosan/Fucoidan)-Ampicillin: A Bioartificial Polymeric Material with Combined Properties in Cell Regeneration and Potential Antibacterial Features

“…The saccharine-related signals are at 1155 and 900 cm −1 [59,60]. The peaks at 1030 and 1080 cm −1 indicate the C–O stretching vibration [5].…”

“…However, natural polymers do not have the appropriate mechanical properties whereas synthetics are deficient in terms of biocompatibility [3]. Thus, in order to overcome the poor performance of natural polymers, bioartificial polymeric materials (BAPMs) have been introduced [4,5,6,7,8]. These combine the biocompatibility of the biological component with the physical and mechanical properties of the synthetic ones [9].…”

Preparación y caracterización de una película de quitosano plastificado: un biomaterial de gran potencial en el campo de la medicina

“…Al romper los puentes de hidrógeno, incrementa la movilidad molecular, y como resultado las películas son más flexibles (M. Chen et al,2018). (Pineda-Castillo et al, 2018); b). Quitosano-glicerol (Sumarni, Prasetya, & Rahayu, 2017) Por lo anteriormente mencionado, en esta investigación se prepararon soluciones ácidas de quitosano y a estas soluciones se les agregó glicerol y ácido láctico (al 0,02% y 0,05% respectivamente).…”

Synthesis and Characterization of a Bioartificial Polymeric System with Potential Antibacterial Activity: Chitosan-Polyvinyl Alcohol-Ampicillin

“…The combination of CHI and PVA may have beneficial effects on the biological characteristics of the blend. In fact, it has been reported that the chemical crosslinking between CHI and PVA may improve the mechanical strength and thermal stability, keeping the intrinsic properties of transparency and the swelling ability of CHI films [28,29]. Indeed, the use of plasticizers and crosslinkers imparts specific properties in the system and therefore, their mechanical drawbacks are diminished or attenuated.…”

“…Consequently, it is expected that polymers with higher charge densities resulted in an improved antimicrobial activity. Indeed, there are successful studies related to PVA/CHI systems, which show adequate cell viability, non-toxicity, and suitable properties which can be tailored for prospective uses in tissue engineering [19,29,31,32].…”