Synthesis and characterization of polypyrrole decorated graphene/β-cyclodextrin composite for low level electrochemical detection of mercury (II) in water

Abstract

Mercury (Hg(II)) is considered as one of the most toxic element that directly affects the human health and the environment. Therefore, in this study, we propose a sensitive and disposable electrochemical sensor for the detection of Hg(II) in various water samples using polypyrrole (PPy) decorated graphene/β-cyclodextrin (GR-CD) composite modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE). The GR-CD/PPy composite was synthesized by chemical oxidation of PPy monomer in GR-CD solution using FeCl3. Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) is used for the detection of Hg(II) and the DPV results reveal that GR-CD/PPy composite modified SPCE has high sensitivity towards Hg(II) than bare, GR, GR-CD and PPy modified SPCEs. The optimization studies such as effect of pH, accumulating time and effect of scanning potential towards the detection of Hg(II) were investigated. The GR-CD/PPy composite modified SPCE could detect the Hg(II) up to 51.56 µM L-1 with the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.47 nM L-1. The LOD obtained was well below the guideline level of Hg(II) set by the World's Health Organization (WHO) and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). In addition, the fabricated GR-CD/PPy composite modified SPCE selectively detected the Hg(II) in the presence of potentially interfering metal cations.

Zinc oxide-decorated polypyrrole/chitosan bionanocomposites with enhanced photocatalytic, antibacterial and anticancer performance

“…Ppy can also be used as a catalytic support in electrochemical fuel cells, drug delivery, sensors, and batteries. 13,14 Electrochemically prepared polypyrrole/chitosan composites have already been reported for applications as electrochemical biosensors and anti-corrosive coatings, 15 and also applied as surface protective agents to improve the performance of 316L SS bio-implants, as reported by Kumar et al 16 With regards to photocatalytic activity, polypyrrole exhibited a synergistic effect with ZnO to enhance the activity of the photocatalyst by minimizing the recombination behaviour of the charge carriers.…”

Application of a Polypyrrole/Carboxy Methyl Cellulose Ion Imprinted Polymer in the Electrochemical Detection of Mercury in Water

“…It has been suggested that the binding of Hg(II) to PPy is through the nitrogen atoms of the PPy. The lone pair of electrons on the nitrogen atom can bind with the Hg(II) without difficulty . However, the GCE/PPy stripping current was lower than GCE/PPy/S‐IIPs because of the predetermined active sites of the S‐IIPs on the surfaces which had more affinity for the Hg(II), therefore more Hg(II) could be accumulated and reduced to Hg(0).…”

“…In the electrochemical detection of Hg(II), various electrodes have been modified with different substances such as gold/gold nanoparticles , graphene , polypyrrole , bioreceptors and carbon nanotubes with the aim of improving the analytical performance of the method. The ability of an electrode to selectively detect a specific target of concern plays an important role in detection.…”

Aniline trimer-including carboxymethylated β-cyclodextrin as an efficient corrosion inhibitor for Q235 carbon steel in 1 M HCl solution

“…16 Cyclodextrin is a cyclic polysaccharide capable of forming host-guest inclusion complexes with appropriately sized hydrophobic molecules or even nanomaterials in aqueous solution. [17][18][19][20][21] carboxymethylated beta-cyclodextrin (CM-b-CD) also has these functions, and its water solubility is greatly improved compared to its unsubstituted analogues. It is utilized as a nano-platform to carry various materials, which can improve the solubility and stability of functional molecules, and also play a sustained release effect.…”