Synthesis and Characterization of Surface-Grafted Hyperbranched Glycomethacrylates

Abstract

Hyperbranched glycopolymers were grafted from a silicon wafer with a covalently attached initiator layer of α-bromoester fragments using self-condensing vinyl copolymerization (SCVCP) of the methacrylic AB* inimer, 2-(2-bromoisobutyryloxy)ethyl methacrylate (BIEM), and a sugar-carrying methacrylate, 3-O-methacryloyl-1,2:5,6-di-O-isopropylidene-α-d-glucofuranose (MAIGlc), via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The film thickness and characteristic surface morphology were determined using ellipsometry and scanning force microscopy, respectively. The thickness and roughness of the resulting surfaces depend on the catalyst amount and the comonomer ratio, γ = [MAIGlc]0/[BIEM]0. A polymer brush of linear polyMAIGlc was also obtained in the presence of a sacrificial initiator via ATRP. Deprotection of the isopropylidene groups of the branched and linear polymer brushes resulted in hydrophilic surfaces as demonstrated by contact angle measurements. The quantitative deprotection was also confirmed by diffuse-reflectance infrared spectroscopy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was further used to determine the surface chemical composition before and after deprotection.

Synthesis of glycopolymers and their multivalent recognitions with lectins

“…This includes: free-radical polymerization (FRP), 45,47,[49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64] living anionic polymerization, 65 ring-opening polymerization (ROP), 66,67 ringopening metathesis polymerization (ROMP), 44,68-74 and controlled/living free-radical polymerization (CLRP) which, encompasses nitroxide mediated controlled free-radical polymerization (NMP), 75-83 atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), [84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93] and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerisation. 16,46,[94][95][96][97][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108][109][110][111]<...>…”

Synthesis and characterization of poly(ethylene oxide)-based glycopolymers and their biocompatibility with osteoblast cells

“…Despite of all these, the understanding of glycopolymer interactions with cells has several challenges. This is because quantification of glycan‐mediated adhesion events is limited due to low‐affinity interactions as well as difficulties associated with preparing glycan surfaces having readily accessible functional groups at the surface . Previously, variation of carbohydrate moieties of the polymeric backbone architectures of glycopolymers has been carried out to study their role in biocompatibility with liver cells .…”

Studies on the Atom Transfer Radical Branching Copolymerization of Styrene and Acrylonitrile with Divinyl Benzene as the Branching Agent

“…[2] Several groups expanded this procedure to controlled/''living'' polymerization, and vinyl branched polymers were prepared by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] The synthetic strategy of using a divinyl comonomer to generate branched polymers was originally devised and demonstrated by Sherrington's group; [14,15] they also prepared branched poly(methyl methacrylate)s through ATRP with ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the branching agent. [16] To date, several groups have reported the preparation of branched polymers using divinyl monomers by ATRP.…”