Synthesis and Characterization of TiO₂ Nanotube/Hydroquinone Hybrid Structure

Abstract

It is shown that 1,4-benzenediol (hydroquinone) and TiO2 nanotubes can form a hybrid structure that is stable in aqueous environment. The incorporation of hydroquinone restores the local structure of nanotubes to anatase-like as evidenced by Raman spectroscopy. Subtle overall structural changes take place upon annealing of the hybrid structure contributing to its stability. The hybrid system shows a broad optical absorption peak extending significantly beyond 700 nm with potential applications in photocatalysis and photoelectrochemistry.

Tunable optical properties of hybrid inorganic–organic [(TiO2)m(Ti–O–C6H4–O–)k]n superlattice thin films

“…32 The present threshold TiO2 domain size (< 2 nm) for onset for confinement effects is in line with the reported threshold for TiO2 nanoparticles (< 3 nm). 33 The 0.5 eV increase in the band gap between the pure TiO2 and hybrid films is in line with the results of Abdulagatov et al 28 and Yoon et al 34 The absorbance of pure hydroquinone peaks slightly below 300 nm, 35 and hence can not explain the broad feature. The fact that the intensity of the feature appeared to depend rather on the amount k×n of the (Ti-O-C6H4-O-) layers than on the superlattice period indicated that the 14 absorption was not inherent to the superlattice structure; instead it appeared to stem from the local (Ti-O-C6H4-O-) environment.…”

Effects of incorporation of 2.5 and 5 wt% TiO2nanotubes on fracture toughness, flexural strength, and microhardness of denture base poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA)

“… 25 Among the various nanotubes, the TiO 2 nanotube (TNT, n-TiO 2 ) has been considered due to its high-specific surface area, photocatalytic property, and ionexchangeability. 26 The tubular form of titania has a surface area of 250 m 2 /g, which is about five times that of the nanoparticle. 27 The high surface area results from the internal and external surfaces and the surfaces between the layers of the walls.…”

“… 26 The tubular form of titania has a surface area of 250 m 2 /g, which is about five times that of the nanoparticle. 27 The high surface area results from the internal and external surfaces and the surfaces between the layers of the walls. 23 Recently, titania nanotubes have been used for biological applications including drug delivery, bio-scaffolds for cell cultures, titanium-based implants and reinforcement of composites.…”

Scratch and Wear Resistance of Polyamide 6 Reinforced with Multiwall Carbon Nanotubes

“…27 Actually, other kinds of nanotubes such as made of TiO 2 (Ref. [28]) or boron nitride 29 are also in use. CNTs are known to increase the Young modulus and also electric conductivity of polymers.…”