Synthesis and Characterization of ZnO(MgO)-CaO-SiO2-P2O5 Bioglass Obtained by Sol-Gel Method in Presence of Surfactant Agent

Abstract

Bioglass (BG) is a class of biomaterials increasingly approached in biomedical applications, such as in regeneration of hard tissues, due to the properties of bioactivity, osteoinductivity, osteoconductivity, but also the high rate of biodegradation, both in vitro and in vivo. The present paper addresses the obtaining of bioglasses from the ZnO(MgO)-CaO-SiO2-P2O5 system by the sol-gel method and the use of a surfactant to ensure a specific surface or high open porosity, starting from S53P4 bioglass (53% SiO2, 23% Na2O, 20% CaO, 4% P2O5), also known as BoneAlive®. The precursor powders were analyzed from the phase composition point of view by complex thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction, the vitreous powders were assessed from the compositional point of view by X-ray diffraction, morpho-structural by scanning electron microscopy, specific surface area and the pore size dimension by the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, dispersion by laser granulometry, and also cell biology and surface mineralization tests were performed by immersion in SBF (simulated body fluid). The system proposed in this paper ZnO(MgO)-CaO-SiO2-P2O5 was successfully obtained by sol-gel method. The results showed the higher interaction between the samples and the SBF medium for samples containing magnesium (M2) and the lowest degree of mineralization after immersion in SBF was noticed for samples containing zinc (M1). The results also prove that by incorporating different ionic species in bioglass composition—Zn2+ and Mg2+, biocompatibility and antibacterial properties will be significantly enhanced.

Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles in the SiO2-P2O5-CaO-MO (M=Mg, Zn) System: Synthesis and Properties

“…In addition, low-intensity peaks corresponding to HAp (ASTM 084-1998) could be identified, suggesting a poorly crystalline degree. Furthermore, HAp formed in the composition containing Zn 2+ has a higher degree of crystallinity compared with those with MgO, which was in accordance with our previous findings [ 33 ]. Hence, it can be said that all the samples have a typical glass-ceramic structure, while the presence of ZnO led to an increase of the crystallinity of HAp.…”

“…When equal amounts of MgO and ZnO were used, the cauliflower shape of the CaP is common to the composition containing only MgO, whereas ZnO decreased the crystallinity of the CaP layer. In previous studies, the same effect of ZnO on the mineralisation process of the BG was highlighted [ 33 , 39 , 40 ].…”

Influence of Strontium on the Biological Behavior of Bioactive Glasses for Bone Regeneration

“…Diverse methods has been reported in the literature for the synthesis of bioactive glass powders, fibers and scaffolds. Among them, we can mention melt quench [38,39], which consists of the fusion of oxides and subsequent tempering in a graphite mold or water; sol-gel [40][41][42], in which precursors are added to a solution for the hydrolysis step, then the sample is condensed and the colloidal sol is produced, with the gelation process occurring a few hours later; hydrothermal processes [43,44], which consist of a closed system containing the heterogeneous solution under high temperature and in the presence of aqueous solvent and pressure; electrospinning [45][46][47]; and solution blow spinning [48]. In the first process, a solution is subjected to an electrical charge, overcoming surface tension, and producing a jet of fluid that allows the evaporation of the solvent and results in fibers deposited in a collector.…”

3D Printable Composite Biomaterials Based on GelMA and Hydroxyapatite Powders Doped with Cerium Ions for Bone Tissue Regeneration

“…The morphology was assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) using a Quanta Inspect F50 FEG scanning electron microscope, with a resolution of 1.2 nm (Thermo Fisher, Eindhoven, The Netherlands); the composite materials were covered with a thin gold layer [39].…”