Synthesis and electrochemical performance of a LiMn1.83Co0.17O4 shell/LiMn2O4 core cathode material

Zheng, Cheng; Wu, Zhen-Fei; Li, Junchao; Liu, Xin; Fang, Dao-Lai

doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2014.01.056

Cited by 17 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…It was found that doping of metal ions, such as Al [8], Ni [9], Co [10], Cr [11] and Ti [12] ions, into LiMn 2 O 4 spinel can enhance its structural stability, consequently its cyclability can be apparently improved. Nevertheless, in most cases, the cyclability improvement is accompanied by a remarkable decline in specific capacity, because of the replacement of the partial active Mn ions by the inactive metal ions [8,9,11,12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nowadays, the methods for synthesis of single-or multi-cation doped LiMn 2 O 4 can be grouped into solid-state route [8,12,13] and wet-chemical route [9][10][11][14][15][16][17][18][19]. The solid-state route is most frequently used, which involves mixing and milling of lithium hydroxide or lithium carbonate, manganese dioxide, and metal oxide dopants at room temperature, and calcining the milled precursors at elevated temperatures during which spinel structure is formed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a result, electrochemical performance, especially specific capacity and cyclablity, of the resulting doped LiMn 2 O 4 materials is not so satisfactory. The wet-chemical route mainly includes sol-gel processes [14,15], coprecipitation processes [18], and other modified sol-gel or coprecipitation processes [10,11,17,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Synthesis of a Co–Ni doped LiMn2O4 spinel cathode material for high-power Li-ion batteries by a sol–gel mediated solid-state route

Fang

Liu

et al. 2015

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synthesis of a Co–Ni doped LiMn2O4 spinel cathode material for high-power Li-ion batteries by a sol–gel mediated solid-state route

Fang

Liu

et al. 2015

Journal of Alloys and Compounds

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“…The procedure to determine the average manganese valence consisted in directly transferring [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] . In this case, the blank was a solution containing only NaCH 3 COO and 1,10-phenanthroline, obtained by adding 10 mL of aqueous 10% (m/m) NaCH 3 COO and 0.1% (m/m) 1,10-phenanthroline solutions to a 50 mL volumetric flask and completing its volume with deionized water.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New, Friendlier Methodology to Determine the Average Manganese Valence in LixMn2O4 Spinels Using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and Molecular Absorption Spectrophotometry

Silva¹,

Silva²,

Biaggio³

et al. 2017

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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An alternative, friendlier methodology for the determination of the average manganese valence (ν) of manganese oxides (mainly pure and doped spinels) is presented. This methodology is based on the facile determination of the concentration of Mn 2+ and Fe 2+ ions by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) and molecular absorption spectrophotometry (MAS), respectively. Prior to this determination, the manganese oxides are reacted with an acidic solution containing Fe 2+ ions, when all Mn ν+ ions are reduced to Mn 2+. Then, the concentration of Mn 2+ ions is obtained directly by AAS, whereas that of Fe 2+ ions is obtained by MAS after their complexation with o-phenanthroline. Using this methodology, the obtained mean (n = 3) ν values for the stoichiometric oxides Mn 2 O 3 and Mn 3 O 4 are 2.98 ± 0.01 and 2.66 ± 0.01, respectively; their precision is a clear evidence of the suitability of the here-proposed methodology. Additionally, a precise mean ν value (3.46 ± 0.01; n = 3) is also obtained for the spinel Li 1.05 Mn 2 O 4 , whereas a higher ν value (3.52 and 3.53; n = 2) is obtained for the doped spinel Li 1.05 Mn 1.98 Al 0.02 O 3.98 S 0.02 , evidencing that effective doping has been indeed attained. This novel methodology is easily applicable for Mn oxides in electrode materials of many energy storage devices. Keywords IntroductionIn the last decade, the popularization of portable electronic devices has increased, leading to a growing demand for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). In this scenario, some oxides have been targeted for studying and testing as cathode materials in LIBs; the spinel lithium manganese oxide (Li x Mn 2 O 4 ) is one of these oxides.1,2 The use of this spinel is favored by factors such as the manganese abundance, non-toxicity, and low cost, as well as the possibility of insertion of two lithium ions per formula unit.3 When 0 ≤ x ≤ 1, Li 3 Therefore, the average manganese valence of doped spinels is a useful parameter because it can provide information on their effective doping and structural changes.As far as we could ascertain, the most common approach to determine the average manganese valence of manganese oxides has been the Vetter and Jaeger's method, 33 employs an acid solution of potassium iodide to reduce all Mn ions in the manganese oxides to Mn 2+ ions. In this process, iodine is formed and quantified by titration with a sodium thiosulfate solution, while Mn 2+ ions are determined by titration with an EDTA solution. Titration of iodine was also proposed by Licci et al. 34 to determine the average manganese valence in Mn-La complexes. Firstly, after the Mn-La complex is dissolved in dilute H 2 SO 4 , the Mn ions are oxidized to permanganate ions by adding an excess of solid bismuthate, followed by the addition of an iodide solution (also in excess) that converts all permanganate ions into Mn 2+ ions, yielding iodine. In a parallel step, the Mn-La complex is reacted directly with an iodide solution, also yielding iodine. In both cases, the iodine is amperometrically titrated with a thio...

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“…LiMn 2 O 4 with a spinel structure has attracted significant interest as a cathode material because of its intrinsic advantages of low cost, high abundance, excellent safety and environmental compatibility [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. However, the application of spinel materials is hampered by the problem of capacity decay during cycling, which mainly results from Mn dissolution via a disproportionation reaction (2Mn 3+ /Mn 2+ + Mn 4+ ) and structural transformation from cubic to tetragonal phase that is induced by Jahn-Teller distortion of Mn(III) with high spin [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. It was confirmed that lithium bis(oxalate)borate (LiBOB) or lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate (LiODFB) could work more efficiently as a lithium salt in electrolyte than LiPF 6 to inhibit the Mn 2+ dissolution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compatibility of lithium difluoro(sulfato)borate-based electrolyte for LiMn2O4 cathode

Liu

et al. 2015

Applied Surface Science

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Synthesis and electrochemical performance of a LiMn1.83Co0.17O4 shell/LiMn2O4 core cathode material

Cited by 17 publications

References 35 publications

Synthesis of a Co–Ni doped LiMn2O4 spinel cathode material for high-power Li-ion batteries by a sol–gel mediated solid-state route

Synthesis of a Co–Ni doped LiMn2O4 spinel cathode material for high-power Li-ion batteries by a sol–gel mediated solid-state route

A New, Friendlier Methodology to Determine the Average Manganese Valence in LixMn2O4 Spinels Using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and Molecular Absorption Spectrophotometry

Compatibility of lithium difluoro(sulfato)borate-based electrolyte for LiMn2O4 cathode

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