Synthesis and Evaluation of Glyceride Prodrugs of Naproxen

Abstract

The glyceride ester derivatives 6a and 6b were prepared by reacting 1,2,3-trihydroxy propane 1,3-dipalmitate/stearate with (S)-naproxen as potential prodrugs. The synthesis was achieved successfully with the aid of N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide. These prodrugs were evaluated for anti inflammatory, analgesic and gastroprotective activity. It was found that prodrugs 6a and 6b showed less irritation to gastric mucosa as indicated by ulcer index. The synthesized glyceride esters were found to possess good pharmacological profile as shown by results of anti inflammatory and analgesic activity. The aqueous studies were performed in order to ensure the release of prodrugs. Both prodrugs were found to stable at acidic pH while underwent hydrolysis at pH 7.4. These findings suggest that the glyceride prodrugs 6a and 6b might be used as potential biolabile derivatives.

Acylglycerols of Myristic Acid as New Candidates for Effective Stigmasterol Delivery—Design, Synthesis, and the Influence on Physicochemical Properties of Liposomes

“…Due to the low oil solubility and bioavailability of free stigmasterol, it is worth focusing on increasing its supply to the target tissues by its conjugation with other hydrophobic molecules. In this aspect, we paid our attention to acylglycerols, which, due to their natural presence both in food and the human body, can be an effective lipid delivery system and have been successively used as carriers of different bioactive ingredients [ 12 ], including fatty acids [ 13 , 14 ], carotenoids and selena fatty acids [ 15 ], phenolic acids [ 16 , 17 ] or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Synthesis and evaluation of novel mutual prodrugs of Piroxicam

“…All synthesized prodrug derivatives showed high stability in acidic condition; this indicates that the compounds passed unhydrolyzed through the stomach on oral administration. 12 On the contrary, the degradation ability of prodrugs at neutral and alkaline pH is an indication of their susceptibility for hydrolysis.…”

In Vivo Genotoxicity Testing Of Vitamin C And Naproxen Sodium Using Plant Bioassay

“…The molecule has anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties (Zuberi et al 2014). The drug is commonly used for reduction of moderate to severe pain, in treatment of rheumatic or musculoskeletal disorders (Rao et al, 2013, Zuberi et al 2014, Redasani et al 2013. It works as cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor (inhibitor of COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes) with effect in decrease of prostaglandin synthesis (Hawkey, 2001).…”