Synthesis and gelation properties of poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline) based thermo-gels

Abstract

A series of new thermo-gelling polymers based on thermo-responsive poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazoline)s has been prepared by grafting different poly(2-alkyl-2-oxazolines) onto a polar carboxymethylcellulose backbone. Thermo-reversible gelation is observed at low concentrations (less than 5% by weight of thermo-gelling polymer). Rheology reveals that these polymers show tuneable gelation temperatures, which vary with concentration and poly(2-oxazoline) composition. This allows the gelation point to be adjusted to biologically relevant temperatures, offering a novel material with potential applications in areas such as drug delivery and tissue engineering.

Injectable polyoxazoline grafted hyaluronic acid thermoresponsive hydrogels for biomedical applications

“…18,[21][22][23][24][25] However, we'll be focusing solely on polyoxazolines because, unlike Jeffamine s or PNIPAM, POXs appear more biocompatible, allow easier control of the gelation temperature, and, even more strikingly, an almost spontaneous resulting sol-gel transition. 20,[26][27][28][29] During this work, we chose to create an injectable thermoresponsive hydrogel thanks to hyaluronic acid (HA). Hyaluronic acid is an anionic polysaccharide that is completely biocompatible and biodegradable due to its ubiquity in the human body especially in the extracellular matrix but also in various conjunctive tissues.…”

“…18,21–25 However, we’ll be focusing solely on polyoxazolines because, unlike Jeffamine® or PNIPAM, POXs appear more biocompatible, allow easier control of the gelation temperature, and, even more strikingly, an almost spontaneous resulting sol–gel transition. 20,26–29…”

Development of a 3D printable and highly stretchable ternary organic–inorganic nanocomposite hydrogel

“…[9][10][11][12] In the past decade, a plethora of studies reported the design and development of several chemically crosslinked POx-based hydrogels, including the utilization of multifunctional 2-oxazoline monomers and macro-monomers with polymerizable groups, as well as the crosslinking of functional end-and side-groups with efficient coupling reactions. [13][14][15][16][17][18] However, most of the reported approaches are not well-suited for additive manufacturing, and the hydrogels are typically brittle with limited stretchability. Especially for the most commonly used additive manufacturing or 3D printing technique of extrusion-based 3D printing, the hydrogels should meet certain criteria with respect to rheological properties, gelation mechanism and kinetics to ensure the desired printability and mechanical property.…”