“…Let us consider the classical solution (22) with ϕ + cl = θ f and ohmic damping (15), then we see immediately thaṫ θ(t) ∼θ(0)e −2γt . Therefore, we are interested in the range t ≪ 1/(2γ) ≡ τ damp,1 .…”
We show that time translation symmetry of a ring system with a macroscopic quantum ground state is broken by decoherence. In particular, we consider a ring-shaped incommensurate charge density wave (ICDW ring) threaded by a fluctuating magnetic flux: the Caldeira-Leggett model is used to model the fluctuating flux as a bath of harmonic oscillators. We show that the charge density expectation value of a quantized ICDW ring coupled to its environment oscillates periodically. The Hamiltonians considered in this model are time independent unlike "Floquet time crystals" considered recently. Our model forms a metastable quantum time crystal with a finite length in space and in time.
“…Let us consider the classical solution (22) with ϕ + cl = θ f and ohmic damping (15), then we see immediately thaṫ θ(t) ∼θ(0)e −2γt . Therefore, we are interested in the range t ≪ 1/(2γ) ≡ τ damp,1 .…”
We show that time translation symmetry of a ring system with a macroscopic quantum ground state is broken by decoherence. In particular, we consider a ring-shaped incommensurate charge density wave (ICDW ring) threaded by a fluctuating magnetic flux: the Caldeira-Leggett model is used to model the fluctuating flux as a bath of harmonic oscillators. We show that the charge density expectation value of a quantized ICDW ring coupled to its environment oscillates periodically. The Hamiltonians considered in this model are time independent unlike "Floquet time crystals" considered recently. Our model forms a metastable quantum time crystal with a finite length in space and in time.
“…The distortion wave vector Q = (0.5π/a, Q y ) is the nesting vector of the Fermi surface of the quarter-filled band. T MF , and Q are given by the self-consistent CDW Eqns (37) and (38). [37 -40] In order to fix the notation, let us consider first the band structure of the simplest tetramerized case, corresponding to = 0, Q y = 0 and t b → 0.…”
Section: Selection Rules For Collective Oscillations In the Quarter-fmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For the quarter-filled case and the order parameter small when compared to the band width 4t a , the system is in the ordered CDW state characterized by the phase and amplitude collective oscillations of the condensed electrons. [37,38] If the external electromagnetic fields are small enough, the nonlinear effects are negligible and both oscillations are phonon-like. On the other hand, for the order parameter larger than the band width, the condensed electrons are tightly bound to the ions and the two oscillation modes are the ordinary infrared-active and Raman-active phonons.…”
Section: Selection Rules For Collective Oscillations In the Quarter-fmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The related bare phonon self-energy χ λ,λ (q, ) has the form of the generalized multiband susceptibility in which g L L λ (k + , k) are the vertex functions of Eqn (29) (λ = ϕ and φ ϕ = φ + π/2 for the phase oscillations). In the pure case, the result is [37,39,41]…”
Section: Appendix A: Phonon Self-energies In Pure Cdw Systemsmentioning
The electron-mediated coupling of external electromagnetic fields and Raman-active oscillations is derived for a general electronic model with multiple bands using the adiabatic approach and the explicit diagrammatic approach. The theory is illustrated on the quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) quarter-filled charge-density-wave (CDW) model. It is shown how the long-range Coulomb forces and the single-electron relaxation processes affect the Raman spectroscopy of the amplitude-oscillation mode in clean CDW systems. It is also argued that the adiabatic treatment of the photon-phonon coupling functions can be safely used in this case.
“…Physically, the additional factor of M 2 originates from the correct definition of the Josephson-like current 7 in the model of Eq. (16). Namely, it comes from the M -fold backscattering current induced by the potential difference M V , where V is the voltage across the junction.…”
Section: The Instanton Contribution To the Conductancementioning
In this work we study the transport properties of a finite Peierls-Fröhlich dielectric with a charge density wave of the commensurate type. We show that at low temperatures this problem can be mapped onto a problem of fractional charge transport through a finite-length correlated dielectric, recently studied by Ponomarenko and Nagaosa [Phys. Rev. Lett 81, 2304Lett 81, (1998]. The temperature dependence of conductance of the charge density wave junction is presented for a wide range of temperatures.
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