Synthesis and Kinetics of the N-(2-Methyl-6-ethyl phenyl)-1-methoxypropyl-2-imine Schiff Base Catalyzed by NKC-9 Cation Exchange Resin

Abstract

The kinetics of condensation reaction of methoxyacetone with 2-methyl-6-ethyl aniline catalyzed by NKC-9 cation exchange resin was studied for the first time. The reaction temperature of Schiff base synthesis was determined in the range of 367.15 to 401.15 K by the batch experiments, and influences of reactant molar ratio, temperature, catalyst dosage, and particle size on the ultimate conversion were also studied. The dynamic data were used to be relevant with PH, ER(1), ER(2), and Langmuir Hinshelwood Hougen Watson homogeneity models. Model parameters, including reaction equilibrium constants, activation energy, enthalpy change, entropy change, and rate constants, were solved. The accuracy of the model was validated by means of both experimental proofs and standard deviation between the predicted and experimental data. Finally, a series of characterization tests such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and polarizing microscopy were performed to investigate the structure and properties of NKC-9.

Catalytic Oppenauer oxidation of secondary alcohols over post-synthesized Sn-Beta

“…In this contribution, a set of Sn-Beta catalysts were successfully prepared by a simple post-synthesis method, in which dealumination of the parent zeolite and Sn incorporation via a solid-state ion-exchange method are involved. In view of the value-added methoxyacetone (MOA) in the grass herbicide industry and biomass valorization 12,13 and the great challenge in the synthesis of MOA, 14–18 the Oppenauer oxidation of 1-methoxy-2-propanol (MOP) to MOA, as well as an extended substrate scope of secondary alcohols, was studied over Sn-Beta catalysts for the first time. With the aid of a combination of advanced spectroscopic characterization and structure–performance correlation, we can identify that open framework Sn species are the intrinsic active sites with a superior turnover rate (TOR) in Oppenauer oxidation compared with other counterparts, for example, closed framework Sn and extraframework Sn species.…”

Kinetics and catalytic distillation simulation for the heterogeneously catalytic synthesis of imine

“…In recent years, reactive distillation has been widely studied due to its simple process, low energy consumption, and improved product purity and selectivity. [ 21–27 ] For example, Lee et al [ 28 ] studied the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of n ‐butyl levulinate synthesized by reactive distillation. Álvarez‐Contreras et al [ 29 ] selectively synthesized ethyl methyl carbonate by catalytic reactive distillation.…”

“…In our previous work, the irreversible heterogeneous kinetics of imine synthesis with MEA and MOA using NKC‐9 macro‐porous cation resin was studied. [ 25 ] In this work, to further realize the continuous production of MEMI, the catalyst used was phosphotungstic acid (HPW)‐doped Al‐MCM‐41, and the process of preparing imine by catalytic distillation was studied by Aspen Plus simulation. Prior to studying the preparation of imine by catalytic distillation, reaction kinetic data was first measured, and the reaction system was analyzed by fitting the data with a pseudo‐homogeneous kinetic model.…”