Cultures of oligodendroglial cells at various stages of maturation, from progenitors to maturing oligodendrocytes, were prepared from neonatal rat brain primary cultures and then were prelabeled in the culture dish with the fluorescent dye, fast blue (FB). Single cell suspensions were grafted into normal or myelin-deficient rat brains. The normal as well as the myelin-deficient in vivo environment allowed cell survival, migration, and differentiation. The FB⁺ cells expressed the oligodendroglial markers, glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase, galactocerebroside, and myelin basic protein. In the normal rat transplanted cells were identifiable at all times studied up to 24 weeks. Extensive migration of FB⁺ cells was observed in whole-brain sagittal sections. Our results show that the plasticity of oligodendroglia differentiation, extensively studied in vitro, can now be investigated in the normal and myelin-deficient in vivo environment.

The kinetics of condensation reaction of methoxyacetone with 2-methyl-6-ethyl aniline catalyzed by NKC-9 cation exchange resin was studied for the first time. The reaction temperature of Schiff base synthesis was determined in the range of 367.15 to 401.15 K by the batch experiments, and influences of reactant molar ratio, temperature, catalyst dosage, and particle size on the ultimate conversion were also studied. The dynamic data were used to be relevant with PH, ER(1), ER(2), and Langmuir Hinshelwood Hougen Watson homogeneity models. Model parameters, including reaction equilibrium constants, activation energy, enthalpy change, entropy change, and rate constants, were solved. The accuracy of the model was validated by means of both experimental proofs and standard deviation between the predicted and experimental data. Finally, a series of characterization tests such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and polarizing microscopy were performed to investigate the structure and properties of NKC-9.

This paper reports on the method of linking climate change scenarios with hydrologic and agricultural theory to study agriculture water demand under changing climate conditions, which is applied in Shiyang River basin, in Northwest China. We calculate agriculture water demand by use of Penman-Monteith formula and field water balance theory, droved by climate factors. This paper concludes that, the response of agriculture water demand to climate change exists, but the climate change can’t vary the basic law of water resources system; reference evapotranspiration (ET0) and temperature represent positive correlation, moreover, agriculture water demand and temperature also exist positive correlation, however, agriculture water demand and precipitation show the evident negative correlation; the influence of agriculture water demand which induced by temperature increase or decrease 1°C is larger than that induced by precipitation increasing or decreasing 10%; the influence range of agriculture water demand which induced by precipitation decrease is larger than that induced by precipitation increase; the influence range of agriculture water demand which induced in the guarantee rate of 75% is larger than that which induced in the guarantee rate of 50%; in additionally, the influence range of agriculture water demand in 2020 is larger than that in 2010. Therefore, in these relatively water shortage areas, changes in agriculture water demand due to climate change will require timely improvement in crop cultivars, irrigation and drainage technology, and water management.

On July 9 2013, debris flows occurred around Longchi town with large scale and wide harm, which was a great threat to people's life and property as well as reconstruction work. Debris flow ditch in the surrounding town was studied. This paper focused on loose materials, topography and rainfall characteristics, and explored the formation mechanism of debris flow in Longchi town. The result shows that: a small catchment area in valleys also have the risk of large range of accumulation of debris flow, the debris flow is caused by a lot of loose materials in mountains after earthquake and extreme rainfall. Research results contribute to a better understanding of trigger condition of debris flow after earthquake.

Untreated disposal of coal mine wastewaters from Shanbei loess have environmental and public health concerns in the developing Shanbei Loess Plateau, Northwest China. An in-situ experiment was conducted in the easily accessible loess to study their efficiency in removal of pollutants. Approximately 565L of wastewater was used in the test, which lasted 333min. Loess samples were collected at 5 discrete depths, 0.2m, 0.4m, 0.6m, 1m, and 1.5m from the surface before, at the end of, and 20 days after the infiltration test. Pollutants commonly found in wastewaters were analyzed for all the loess samples. The test indicates the loess is more effective for Cd and Pb.