Synthesis and kinetics study of trimethylolpropane fatty acid triester from oleic acid methyl ester as potential biolubricant

Elmelawy, Mamdouh S.; El-Meligy, Asmaa; Mawgoud, Hussien A.; Morshedy, Asmaa S.; Hanafy, Samia A.; Elsayed, Ibrahim

doi:10.1007/s13399-020-01220-z

Cited by 11 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The slight broad bulge around 3,500 cm À1 indicated the presence of the -OH functional group of TMP. The peaks at 3,004 cm À1 , 2,923 cm À1 , 2,853 cm À1 and 1,743 cm À1 are typical of compounds containing ester linkages (Elmelawy et al, 2021). As the TMP biolubricant is very similar to its precursor biodiesel, the functional groups are similar (Figure 4) but very subtle changes can be observed in the fingerprint region from 1,500 cm À1 to 450 cm À1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Synthesis and use of TMP ester biolubricant derived from cottonseed oil in SI engine

Khan

Zahid

Kazim

et al. 2021

ILT

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Purpose Depleting reserves of crude oils and their adverse environmental effects have shifted focus toward environment friendly and biobased lubricant base oils. Natural oils and fats act as good lubricants but they have low oxidation and thermal stability which makes them unsuitable for modern day uses. This paper aims to produce trimethylolpropane ester biolubricant from cottonseed oil and study the effects of its use in spark ignition (SI) engines. Design/methodology/approach In this work, cottonseed oil is converted to TMP lubricant by a two-step based catalyzed esterification. The lubricants thermophysical properties are then analyzed and a 20% blend with synthetic poly-alpha olefin is used in an spark ignition engine. Findings The produced lubricant has viscosity @100oC of 4.91 cSt, a viscosity index of 230 and a flash point of 202oC. When used as a 20% blend in a petrol engine, the rate of oil deterioration was reduced by 18%, however, the overall wear increased by 6.7%. However, this increase is offset by its improved environmental impacts. Originality/value In its current state, such a biolubricant can be used as an additive to most commercially available lubricants to improve oil deterioration characteristics and environmental impact. However, further work on improving biolubricant’s wear characteristics is needed for the complete replacement of mineral oil-based lubricants.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Synthesis and use of TMP ester biolubricant derived from cottonseed oil in SI engine

Khan

Zahid

Kazim

et al. 2021

ILT

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“…It can be used as a surface-active basic material (Cohen et al 2008). It was widely used in all kinds of emulsified products (Cohen et al 2008), used as a solvent for fragrances (Vyas et al 2010) and lubricants for spray products (Cohen et al 2008;Elmelawy et al 2021), and other studies have shown that oleic acid methyl ester is an important component of biodiesel (Soloiu et al 2020). P. americana which is rich in grease components can be used as a research point in the field of biodiesel research and exploring its grease composition extraction, purification is beneficial to deepen the research of P. americana in biodiesel, and further expand the application field and value of P. americana.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GC–MS analysis of chemical constituents and determination of the total antioxidant capacity of adult powder of Periplaneta americana

Yang

Xie

Huang

et al. 2022

Entomological Research

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Edible insects are alternative sources of high protein. Southeast Asia, South America, Africa, and Europe have recorded edible insects and, especially in Europe and America, there are factories that produce insects as food. In some areas of China, there has also been the habit of eating insects since ancient times. Periplaneta americana is an insect with the homology of medicine and food. In recent years, its medicinal and nutritional functions have attracted extensive attention and research. Its adult powder has been certified as a health product. It not only contains a variety of proteins but also is rich in fatty acids. The composition and antioxidant function of adult powder extract was analyzed in this study. Using adult P. americana powder as the raw material, it was extracted with n-Hexane, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate, respectively. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) removed a total of 60 compounds, and many active components were extracted from P. americana powder for the first time. The parts and relative content of each extracted sample were obtained, and the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of each extracted piece was determined, among which the antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate was the highest.

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“…Esterification is used extensively in the synthesis of secondary metabolites, polymers, and pharmaceutical active ingredients with other biological ingredients [4]. Several researchers reported on ester esterification experiments using oleic acid in various literature such as: optimization of oleic acid esterification catalyzed by ionic liquid for the synthesis of green biodiesel [4], synthesis and physicochemical properties of new lauric acid made from oleic acid and its evaluation for bio-lubricating base materials [5], synthesis and kinetics of trimethylolpropane fatty acids from methyl esters of oleic acid as potential biolubricants [6], and bio-lubricating synthesis of oleic acid by oligomerization, polymerization and hydrogenation of petrochemicals [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Esterification between Oleic Acid and 2-Ethyl Hexanol by using the Microwave Method

Manurung,

Tarigan,

Zuhra

2023

Int J Ecophysiol

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Oleic acid is an unsaturated fatty acid, has a rancid odor and the main component of palm oil. To increase the value of oleic acid which has a C18 chain, it has the potential as a raw material for making long chain fatty acid esters. This fatty acid ester from vegetable oil is an emollient ester which is biodegradable which was synthesized with 2-ethyl hexanol using the Microwave method. In the last ten years, the microwave method has been widely used in organic synthesis. This esterification reaction was carried out using a modified home microwave by making a hole on top as a place for the ball cooler equipped with a stirrer, and using an acid catalyst. Characteristics of long chain fatty acid esters will be tested by FTIR and GC-MS. FTIR test results showed absorption of specific functional groups, while GC-MS was able to show the presence of long chain fatty acid ester compounds.

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Synthesis and kinetics study of trimethylolpropane fatty acid triester from oleic acid methyl ester as potential biolubricant

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Synthesis and use of TMP ester biolubricant derived from cottonseed oil in SI engine

Synthesis and use of TMP ester biolubricant derived from cottonseed oil in SI engine

GC–MS analysis of chemical constituents and determination of the total antioxidant capacity of adult powder of Periplaneta americana

Study of Esterification between Oleic Acid and 2-Ethyl Hexanol by using the Microwave Method

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