Synthesis and properties of a modified unsaturated polyester resin with phosphorus-containing pendant groups

Enhanced thermal properties and flame retardancy of unsaturated polyester-based hybrid materials containing phosphorus and silicon

“…The sol–gel process is one of the most promising methods, which has drawn a great deal of attention in preparing organic/inorganic hybrids . Although phosphorus‐ and silicon‐containing organic/inorganic hybrid network is used as effective flame retardant for some polymer matrix, such as epoxy acrylate, epoxy, polyimide, and poly(methyl methacrylate), only few attempts to introduce 9,10‐dihydro‐9‐oxa‐10‐phosphaphenanthrene 10‐oxide (DOPO) into UPR have been described in the literature …”

Effect of functionalized graphene oxide with phosphaphenanthrene and isocyanurate on flammability, mechanical properties, and thermal stability of epoxy composites

“…In the FTIR spectrum of GOMD, the strong absorption peak around 1191 cm −1 was derived from the vibration of PO. It also showed strong absorptions at 754 and 929 cm −1 corresponding to POPh stretching, PC stretching absorption around 1056 cm −1 and CO absorption around 1720 cm −1 and stretching absorption of POC around 1117 cm ‐1 . As we can see the FTIR spectrum of GOMT, the absorption peaks at 1690, 3350, and 1574 cm −1 were attributed to CO of amide, OH, and CN bonds of TGIC, respectively .…”

“…It also showed strong absorptions at 754 and 929 cm −1 corresponding to P O Ph stretching, P C stretching absorption around 1056 cm −1 and C O absorption around 1720 cm −1 and stretching absorption of P O C around 1117 cm -1 . 25 As we can see the FTIR spectrum of GOMT, the absorption peaks at 1690, 3350, and 1574 cm −1 were attributed to C O of amide, O H, and C N bonds of TGIC, respectively. 26 Additionally, the characteristic band of OH appeared at 3350 cm −1 , indicating the successful ring-opening reaction between TGIC and GOMD.…”

Unsaturated Polyesters and Vinyl Esters

“…The use of 2-[10-(9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenantrene-10-oxide-10-yl)]-maleic acid (DOPO-MA) as a flame retardant-conferring monomer for the preparation of unsaturated polyester resins was described by Zhang et al [111,112]. Owing to the rigid structure incorporated via the phenanthrene derivative into the UPR network, not only the thermal stability and flame retardancy of the resultant modified UPR was improved, but the storage modulus was also significantly better than with the unmodified UPR.…”

“…Phosphorus-pendant groups have been incorporated only recently into the polymeric backbone by Zhang and co-workers [111,112], Tibiletti and co-workers [113], or Novakov and co-workers [114]. The use of 2-[10-(9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenantrene-10-oxide-10-yl)]-maleic acid (DOPO-MA) as a flame retardant-conferring monomer for the preparation of unsaturated polyester resins was described by Zhang et al [111,112].…”