Synthesis and Testing Catalysts Based on Fly Ash From Thermal Power Plants and Natural Zeolite for Gas Emissions Purification and Catalytic Processing of Heavy Oil

Abstract

In this study, hollow microspheres based on fly ash from the Ekibastuz coal field (Kazakhstan) and natural zeolite from the Taizhuzgen field (Kazakhstan) were used for the synthesis of catalysts. The catalysts were tested in the process of sulfur dioxide oxidation with different SO2 content in the SO2-Ar gas mixture at a flow vortex plant of the "Emulsifier" type with a capacity of 2 m 3 / h. Technology for the oxidation of SO2 with oxygen in an aqueous solution has been developed and the best technological parameters for the selective oxidation of SO2 with the production of sulfuric acid as a product have been determined. The degree of SO2 sorption is reached up to 95%. Also, the prepared catalysts were tested in the process of redox-catalytic cracking of fuel oil (with preliminary electromagnetic excitation of hydrocarbon molecules) to obtain light carbon fractions. The fuel oil of the Amangeldy Gas Processing Plant (AGPP, Kazakhstan) of the M-100 brand was studied as a feedstock. On the optimal catalyst in the products of oxidative cracking of fuel oil, the fraction of light gas oil makes up the main part. The resulting light gas oil contains a significant amount of alpha-olefins, which are scarce raw materials for the production of synthetic additives and oils.

Catalytic cracking of M-100 fuel oil: relationships between origin process parameters and conversion products

“…In the presence of air additives, the yield of diene and cyclodiene hydrocarbons significantly increases compared to cracking in an inert atmosphere if the process is carried out at low volumetric feed rates to the reactor. The conclusions obtained agree with the data that the yield of the reaction of oxidative dehydrogenation of olefins increases in the presence of air [5,12,22,26]. The hydrocarbon composition of cracking gasolines depends on the conditions of cracking in a similar way (Table 4).…”

“…At present, the development of technologies for processing oil residues is relevant and promising, which is associated with an increase in the share of hard-to-recover oil reserves: heavy and high-viscosity oils in the world. This, in turn, forces refineries to select carefully the available technologies for processing oil residues and increase the share of heavy oil raw materials in the total volume of oil-processing feedstock [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. 40-45% of all high-octane gasoline is produced at catalytic cracking plants with a steamer.…”

“…40-45% of all high-octane gasoline is produced at catalytic cracking plants with a steamer. In the classical version, the cracking process of heavy hydrocarbons occurs in the vapor phase due to contact with a circulating fluidized catalyst consisting of particles ranging in size from 50 to 100 microns [4,[21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. Over the past decades, the world's leading companies have developed a number of new catalytic cracking technologies to maximize the yield of light olefins, for example: the use of promoted catalysts or increased rigidity of the technological mode; the addition of light hydrocarbon fractions to raw materials; reducing the contact time of raw materi-Chimica Techno Acta 2022, vol.…”