Synthesis, Characterization, and Electrochemiluminescence of Luminol‐Reduced Gold Nanoparticles and Their Application in a Hydrogen Peroxide Sensor

Cui, Hua; Wang, Wei; Duan, Chunfeng; Dong, Yaping; Guo, Jizhao

doi:10.1002/chem.200700011

Cited by 208 publications

(161 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…From a simple geometric consideration it is apparent that the size of AuNPs is lower than that of bulky gold spheres, leading to the high reaction activity of AuNPs due to their high surface areas. It has been demonstrated that citrate-stabilized AuNPs can readily bind electron-rich nitrogen-containing compounds such as melamine and luminol via the coordination interaction between the N atoms and AuNPs [17,18]. Besides, primary amines are usually used to modify the surface of AuNPs [19].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold nanoparticles-based colorimetric and visual creatinine assay

Zhang

2015

Microchim Acta

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We demonstrate a selective and sensitive method for determination of creatinine using citrate-stabilized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) as a colorimetric probe. It is based on a direct cross-linking reaction that occurs between creatinine and AuNPs that causes aggregation of AuNPs and results in a color change from wine red to blue. The absorption peak is shifted from 520 to 670 nm. Under the optimized conditions, the shift in the absorption peak is related the logarithm of the creatinine concentration in the 0.1 to 20 mM range, and the instrumental detection limit (LOD) is 80 μM. This LOD is about one order of magnitude better than that that of the Jaffé method (720 μM). The assay displays good selectivity over interfering substances including various inorganic ions, organic small compounds, proteins, and biothiols. It was successfully employed to the determination of creatinine in spiked human urine.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold nanoparticles-based colorimetric and visual creatinine assay

Zhang

2015

Microchim Acta

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“…Luminol is a reductive compound with an aromatic amine group that can directly reduce [AuCl 4 ] − to give rise to CL; therefore, it was suspected that luminol could reduce [AuCl 4 ] − to produce gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) [26]. CL results in aqueous solution from the stoichiometric 2-electron oxidation of luminol by [AuCl 4 ] − [2].…”

Section: Mechanism Considerationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzymeless determination of total sugar by luminol–tetrachloroaurate chemiluminescence on chip to analyze food samples

et al. 2012

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Chemiluminescence (CL) emission from luminol-tetrachloroaurate ([AuCl(4)](-)) system studied in presence of monosaccharide sugars such as glucose and fructose was investigated on a microfluidic chip fabricated by the soft lithography technique. CL emission from the luminol-[AuCl(4)](-) system at 430 nm was intensified remarkably by the catalytic activity of glucose and fructose at room temperature. Under optimized conditions, the CL emission intensity of the system was found to be linearly related to the concentration of the sugars. Based on this observation, nonenzymatic determination of total sugar (glucose, fructose, or hydrolyzable sucrose) was performed in a rapid and sensitive analytical method. The results revealed that the linearity ranged from 9 to 1,750 μM for glucose and 80 to 1,750 μM for fructose, with a limit of detection of 0.65 and 0.69 μM, respectively. The relative standard deviations determined at 250 μM based on six repetitive injections were 1.13 and 1.15% for glucose and fructose, respectively. The developed method was successfully applied for determination of the total sugar concentration in food and beverages.

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“…By direct reaction between HAuCl 4 and luminol in aqueous solutions, luminolreduced AuNPs have been synthesized, in recent years, where diameter of the NPs increases with decrease in luminal concentration. The presence of cysteine may enhance the ECL of luminol-capped AuNPs by 20-fold [111,112]. The biocompatibility of Au cores and the relative strong ECL intensity make the luminolcapped AuNPs potential ECL biomarkers for their applications in biosensors [30].…”

Section: Nanoparticle Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

ECL Luminophores

Parveen¹,

Aslam²,

Hu³

et al. 2013

SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science

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Finding new luminophores with higher ECL efficiencies and modifying a moiety of the emitter to use it for the labeling of biomolecules are the two driving forces that lead to the synthesis of a number of new ECL-emitting species in the past several years. Three categories of luminophores are discussed in this chapter, including (a) inorganic systems, which mainly contain organometallic complexes; (b) organic systems, which cover polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); and (c) semiconductor nanoparticle systems.Keywords Luminophores Á Organic systems Á Inorganic systems Á Dendrimers Á Nanoparticle systems Á Nanoclusters Á Carbon nanoparticles Á Semiconductor nanocrystals Á Quantum dots Since the discovery of ECL process, there has been considerable advancement in ECL system. Different types of ECL systems have been introduced, such as organic, inorganic, and nanoparticle systems. Organic SystemsThe first exhaustive study on ECL involved organic systems [1][2][3]. In the early ages of ECL, PAHs, rubrene, and DPA have been studied extensively owing to their high fluorescence quantum yields and stable radical cations and anions in aprotic media. Some other organic systems, such as luminol [4], acridinium esters [5], polymers [6][7][8], and siloles [9], have also been widely explored. The reader is referred to the tremendous reviews [10][11][12] and ECL monograph [13] for more thorough study about organic systems. Acridinium esters, taking example of lucigenin (N,N'-dimethyl-9,9-bisacridinium) is reported ECL active [14] in the presence of hydrogen peroxide [15] and has been applied for the detection of riboflavin [16], human chorionic gonadotropin [17], and hemin [18]. The ECL reaction of methyl-9-(p-formylphenyl)acridinium carboxylate fluorosulfonate (MFPA) gives intense ECL signal and is employed as a label in bioassays [17]. Lucigenin ECL has also been extended to surfaces [19]. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) modified electrodes and solutions containing Triton X-100 surfactant molecules caused the enhancement in ECL of lucigenin.Fluorene-substituted PAHs have been investigated with enhanced ECL efficiency and stability [20]. Derivatives of DPA, pyrene, and anthracene were produced by using fluorene as a capping agent. These molecules have high PL quantum yields and can generate stable radical ions. On introducing the fluorene groups, steric hindrance is imparted, preventing interchromophore interactions and blocking the active position of PAH cores subject to electrochemical decomposition. Due to the electrochemical instability of its cationic radical, pyrene molecule displays poor ECL properties. Hence, a strategy for ECL enhancement and radical stability by peripheral multidonors on pyrene derivatives has been adopted in which the ECL efficiencies of pyrene derivatives increase in proportion to the number of peripheral N, N-dimethyl aniline donors [21].An ECL laser offers numerous advantages over traditional techniques, including tunability, lack of additional source and range of available wavelength...

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Synthesis, Characterization, and Electrochemiluminescence of Luminol‐Reduced Gold Nanoparticles and Their Application in a Hydrogen Peroxide Sensor

Cited by 208 publications

References 54 publications

Gold nanoparticles-based colorimetric and visual creatinine assay

Gold nanoparticles-based colorimetric and visual creatinine assay

Enzymeless determination of total sugar by luminol–tetrachloroaurate chemiluminescence on chip to analyze food samples

ECL Luminophores

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