Synthesis, characterization, and electroluminescence properties of a donor–acceptor type molecule for highly efficient non-doped green organic light-emitting diodes

Structure-Directed Functional Properties of Phenothiazine Brominated Dyes: Morphology and Photophysical and Electrochemical Properties

“…Due to the presence of electron rich sulfur and nitrogen atoms, phenothiazine has a strong electron-donating feature and hence ability to promote extended conjugation. Some phenothiazine based compounds provided high carrier mobility and low emission properties being used in building photovoltaics − or field effect transistors, − while others provided high luminescence and moderate mobility giving organic light emitting diodes with good performances. − The balance of properties that guide the material to the applications is a function of the intrinsic properties but also of the supramolecular arrangement. Even if plenty of phenothiazine based materials were synthesized and used in testing for above-mentioned optoelectronic devices, the supramolecular structure was reported only for a few. − They revealed that phenothiazine ring adopts a bent structure known as butterfly geometry, which further promotes a supramolecular architecture with large intermolecular distances of the compounds contained it.…”

Rational design of orange-red iridium(iii) complexes by an isomer engineering strategy for improved performance of white organic light-emitting diodes

“…The first oxidation potential is probably derived from the oxidation of the core Ir atom. 54,55 Based on the formulas of E HOMO = −( E onset ox − E Fc/Fc+ + 4.8) eV and E LUMO = E opt g + E HOMO , 56,57 the HOMO/LUMO energy levels are calculated to be −5.32/−3.22 eV for Ir(pq) 2 pbi and −5.30/−3.28 eV for Ir(piq) 2 pbi , respectively. The isomerism on main ligands can finely modulate the HOMO and LUMO energy levels, leading to a variation of the energy gaps of two isomeric complexes.…”

Synthesis and Luminescent Properties of 1,4,5-Triphenylimidazole‒Phenothiazine Fluorophores

“…Kwon and co-workers [33] designed and synthesized two isomeric D-A uorescent molecules based on phenothiazine-quinolone framework, 2-(4-phenyl-2-quinolyl)-10-methylphenothiazine (2PQMPT) and 3-(4-phenyl-2-quinolyl)-10-methylphenothiazine (3PQMPT), for green organic light-emitting diodes, and it was found that the device performances of the isomer 3PQMPT (25020 cd/m 2 of L max , 2.50% of EQE max ) were superior to that of the isomer 2PQMPT (10590 cd/m 2 of L max , 1.06% of EQE max ). Ahn et al [34] reported a new uorescent emitter PhBBPP (3,7-bis(1-(biphenyl-4yl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-2-yl)-10-phenyl-10H-phenothiazine) with D-A type structure, and the optimized non-doped OLED device used PhBBPP as emitting layer showed a luminous e ciency of 12.1 cd/A, and an external quantum e ciency (EQE) of 4.0%. Recently, Zhao and co-workers [35] The twisted 1,4,5-triphenylimidazole as an acceptor could cause a wider band-gap and lead to deeper blue emission than the planar and rigid phenanthroimidazole acceptor, and the twisted 1,4,5triphenylimidazole could also hamper the tight π-π intermolecular interactions.…”