Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of antibacterial activity of transition metal oxyde nanoparticles

Abstract

Nanoparticles (NPs) have a wide range of applications in various areas. For health application, cytotoxicity tests are used to ensure its efficiency and safety. In this paper, ZnFe2O4, CoFe2O4, Zn0.5Co0.5Fe2O4 NPs were synthesized, characterized and their antibacterial properties were evaluated. The Sol-Gel method was used to synthesize the NPs. Their electronic and crystallographic structures were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Analysis (FTIR), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). To perform the antibacterial evaluation, ferrites were dispersed through nanoemulsion to prevent the crystals from accumulating together. Then the evaluation was performed through microdilution in a 96-well plate and diffusion in agar disc in contact with 3 different strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. It demonstrated that the Sol-Gel method was efficient to synthesize NPs with suitable sizes for health application. All synthesized NPs showed the inhibition of bacterias with different concentrations used.

Exploration of Near-Infrared-Reflecting Zn0.5M0.5Fe2O4 Pigment for Sustainable Coatings by Transition Metal Substitutions and a Modifier

“…In the case of copper, the photoelectron peaks of Co 2p split into Co 2p 3/2 and Co 2p 1/2 with binding energies at 778 and 794.9 eV, respectively, confirming the presence of Co 2+ and Co 3+ in the sample. These information corroborate well with that of the Reitveld refinement for cobalt ion occupancy at the B site. , For nickel, the Ni 2p 3/2 exhibits the existence of three peaks at 854.06, 855.63, and 860.4 eV attributing to Ni 2+ , Ni 3+ , and the satellite peak, respectively. This confirms the +3 oxidation state of nickel. , The survey spectra confirm the presence of Zn, Fe, O, Co, and Ni in the synthesized samples.…”

The Promise of Metal-Doped Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as Antimicrobial Agent

“…coli) where Gram-positive bacteria were more vulnerable to doped-IONPs than Gram-negative bacteria (Figure ). Additionally, the ZOI produced for ZnFe 2 O 4 nanoparticles was slightly larger than that for low-temperature calcined nanoparticles. This means that low-temperature calcined nanoparticles crystalline structure was moderately more efficient in inhibiting both strains .…”

“…A study by Morais et al (2021) showed that ZnFe 2 O 4 , CoFe 2 O 4 , and Zn 0.5 Co 0.5 Fe 2 O 4 exhibited antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli) where Gram-positive bacteria were more vulnerable to doped-IONPs than Gram-negative bacteria (Figure ).…”

“…115 The highest ZOI was created in the order of ZnFe 2 O 4 > Zn 0.5 Co 0.5 Fe 2 O 4 > CoFe 2 O 4 indicating that the produced ferrites have dose-inhibitory capacity dependence. 114 Metal-doped with IONPs, e.g., Zn-doped-IONPs (ZDI), Cu-doped-IONPs (CDI), Ni-doped-IONPs (NDI), Se-doped- IONPs (SDI), Au-doped-IONPs, Cr-doped-IONPs, and Cadoped-IONPs (KDI) have shown higher antimicrobial activity against resistantbacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, E. coli, S. aureus, Proteus vulgaris) compared to Mo-doped-IONPs (MDI), Co-doped-IONPs (CBDI), in terms of zone of inhibition (ZOI) (Table 1). Among all the metal doped-IONPs, ZDI, CDI, and SDI have shown the highest bacterial inhibition based on ZOI (≥20 nm).…”

“…149 Magnetic behaviors of the nanoparticles (Co, Fe-doped Ag 140 ) mechanically damage the microorganisms, increasing the antimicrobial activity of the magnetic metal-doped nanoparticles. 150 On rare occasions, the antimicrobial properties of doped nanoparticles could be triggered by different stimuli, e.g., light, 141−144 temperature, 114 pH, 143 magnetic field, 140 and catalyst concentration 143,144 (Figure 5). Shujah et al (2022) 32 reported that when MDI was exposed to light irradiation with photon energy, excited electrons get trapped by the molecular oxygen (O 2 ) present on the surface, resulting in production of greater superoxide anion radicals.…”