Synthesis, Characterization, and Thermal Decomposition of a New Energetic Salt of 1H,1′H-5,5′-Bistetrazole-1,1′-diol

Abstract

(MGBTO), a novel nitrogen-rich energetic salt, was synthesized by cation exchange. Its structure was characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, NMR, DTA and TG-DTG. Single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that MGBTO was crystallized in the monoclinic space group C2/c. Thermal analysis demonstrated that its thermal stability extended up to 531.1 K. The nonisothermal kinetic and apparent thermodynamic parameters of the exothermic decomposition of MGBTO were determined by the Kissinger and Ozawa methods. Its detonation velocity and detonation pressure were calculated on the basis of the Kamlet-Jacobs equation and were 6342 m•s-1 and 15.78 GPa, respectively. The impact and friction sensitivities of MGBTO were quantified using standard BAM (10 kg drop hammer) procedures. The results revealed that the salt has good mechanical sensitivity (FS > 120 N, IS > 40 J), thus indicating its potential applications as an energetic material.

New Method for Predicting the Enthalpy of Salt Formation

“…With the development of new synthetic methods, the search for new high-energy compounds has reached a new level. In this regard, at present, the attention of researchers is increasingly attracted by salt structures − and both the search for new, promising compounds − and modifications of known structures. − Interest in high-energy salt structures is associated with their high enthalpy of formation and, often, with higher values of the density of their molecular crystals and higher melting points in comparison with nonsalt structures.…”

Series of AzTO-Based Energetic Materials: Effect of Different π–π Stacking Modes on Their Thermal Stability and Sensitivity

“…In general, energetic salts have some inherent characteristics of the parent molecule. However, they also show distinct characteristics, such as stacking, stability, and insensitivity, because of the combination of anions and cations. − Cocrystallization is also an uncomplicated and effective method to synthesize insensitive energetic materials and amend and optimize other properties of high-energy materials. − Therefore, when synthesizing the next-generation high-energy materials, we must not only pursue the design of novel molecules but also concentrate with the association of physics, chemistry, crystallography, and structure.…”