Synthesis, formation and characterization of lead indium niobate–lead titanate powders

Abstract

In this study, powders of lead indium niobatelead titanate (1−x)Pb(In 1/2 Nb 1/2 )O 3 -(x)PbTiO 3 (PINT) binary system near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) composition with x=38 mol% PbTiO 3 are synthesized with the conventional mixed oxide and the wolframite methods via a rapid vibro-milling technique for the first time. The preparation method and calcination temperature have been found to show pronounced effects on the phase formation behavior of the PINT powders. The stabilized perovskite phase form of PINT can be synthesized by the wolframite method, while precursor phases are still found in powders prepared by the conventional method. Finally, this study shows that the rapid vibro-milling mixing technique is effective in preparing the phase pure perovskite of PINT powders.

Dielectric and ferroelectric properties of fine grains Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3–PbTiO3 ceramics

“…The wolframite precursor powders were subsequently vibromilled with lead oxide (PbO) (Fluka, 99% purity) for 0.5 h. The mixed powders were calcined at 1100 • C for 2 h with heating/cooling rates of 10 • C/min to form a single-phase PIN [25]. It should, however, be noted that to obtain the pure-phase PIN powders 2 mol% excess of In 2 O 3 and PbO had to be added to compensate the loss during calcination [25]. With a more conventional oxide-mixing route, PT powders were prepared from PbO and titanium oxide (TiO 2 ) (Riedelde Haën, 99% purity) starting powders.…”

Changes in dielectric properties of Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-PbTiO3ceramics under compressive stress applied parallel and perpendicular to an electric field

“…The sintering temperature of 1100 • C was the optimized condition for 0.9PIN-0.1PT, and 1125 • C for the other compositions, as listed in table 1. The detailed preparation process is given elsewhere [25]. Before studying the dielectric properties under compressive stress, the sintered specimens were cut as rectangular bars (typical dimensions 6×2×2 mm 3 ) and lapped to obtain parallel faces.…”

Dielectric Properties and Relaxor Behavior of PIN Based System

“…The wolframite InNbO 4 was first prepared from oxide powder of In 2 O 3 and Nb 2 O 5 [18]. Mixed powder was milled and calcined at temperature 1100 • C for 2 hours to obtain the intermediate precursor InNbO 4 [19]. The wolframite precursor was then mixed with reagent powder of PbO, TiO 2 for PIN-PT system and PbO, BaCO 3 , TiO 2 for PIN-PT-BT system.…”